EXAMINATION TEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION VERIFIED
●● All of the following are typical characteristics of traditional
individual approaches like psychoanalysis and behavior therapy except:
A. Structured around a single model
B. Emphasize intrapsychic processes
C. View symptoms in relational context
D. Have more theoretical cohesion than family therapy
Answer: C. View symptoms in relational context (This is characteristic
of family therapy, not individual models.)
●● What core belief united the various, sometimes conflicting schools of
family therapy?
Answer: That problems run in families — symptoms are embedded in
relational patterns rather than individual pathology.
●● What are three common elements found across most therapy
approaches, including family therapy?
Answer: Empathy, encouragement, and questioning assumptions.
,●● Most therapy models share several common elements, except which
of the following?
A. Empathy
B. Encouragement
C. Prescribed rituals
D. Questioning assumptions
Answer: C. Prescribed rituals (This is more specific to certain models
like Strategic or Milan therapy.)
●● While most therapies share elements like empathy and questioning
assumptions, they also include ______ differences.
Answer: Distinct
●● What critical movement in the 1980s challenged established norms
in family therapy by exposing hidden power structures and advocating
for marginalized perspectives?
Answer: The feminist critique
●● Social philosopher Michel Foucault argued that many accepted
principles in fields like psychology are actually ________ developed by
those in power to maintain control.
Answer: Stories (or "social conventions")
,●● What is the process of revealing accepted practices as social
constructions developed by people with agendas, especially in fields like
literature, education, and psychology?
Answer: Deconstruction
●● According to postmodern critiques, the following disciplines were all
influenced by deconstruction in the 1980s except:
A. Literature
B. Political science
C. Meteorology
D. Psychology
Answer: C. Meteorology
●● Why did feminist critics challenge the Batesonian model of
cybernetics in family therapy?
Answer: Because its claim that all members are equally responsible in
systemic problems obscured real power imbalances, and was seen as a
way to blame victims and rationalize the status quo (Goldner, 1985).
●● In the context of feminist critiques, why is the assumption of "equal
responsibility" in systemic models problematic in cases of abuse such as
battering or incest?
, Answer: Because it can obscure the reality of violence and power
dynamics, implying that victims provoke or share blame for their abuse,
thereby justifying oppressive systems (James & MacKinnon, 1990).
●● According to Batesonian cybernetics, personal control is impossible
because all elements of a system are involved in ________ feedback
loops.
Answer: Circular
●● Feminist critics argued that circular causality failed to account for all
except which of the following?
A. Power imbalances
B. Victim-blaming
C. Mutual influence
D. Systemic oppression
Answer: C. Mutual influence (That was central to the Batesonian model
and not part of the critique.)
●● What family constellation was most commonly cited as contributing
to child symptoms in early family therapy models?
Answer: Peripheral father, overinvolved mother, and symptomatic child.