Page 1 of 35
(GI, GALLBLADDER, PANCREAS) EXAM 1 REVIEW
QUESTIONS EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS NEWEST 2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Place the client on the right side.
Direct pressure is applied to the site, and then the client is placed on the right
side to maintain site pressure.
-The client should empty the bladder immediately prior to the liver biopsy, not
after the procedure.
-Foods and fluids are usually withheld two (2) hours after the biopsy, after
which the client can resume the usual diet.
The client has had a liver biopsy. Which post-procedure intervention should the
nurse implement?
"What have you done to alleviate the heartburn?"
Most clients with GERD have been self-medicating with over-the-counter
medications prior to seeking advice from a health-care provider. It is important
to know what the client has been using to treat the problem.
The male client tells the nurse he has been experiencing "heartburn" at night that
awakens him. Which assessment question should the nurse ask?
Teach the client to sleep with a foam wedge under the head.
The client should elevate the head of the bed on blocks or use a foam wedge
to use gravity to help keep the gastric acid in the stomach and prevent reflux
, Page 2 of 35
into the esophagus. Behavior modification is changing one's behavior.
-Encourage clients to quit not just decrease smoking.
The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with GERD writes the client problem of
"behavior modification." Which intervention should be included for this problem?
"I should avoid orange juice and eating tomatoes until my esophagus heals."
Orange juice and tomatoes are acidic, and the client diagnosed with GERD
should avoid acidic foods until the esophagus has had a chance to heal.
-Clients can eat as soon as the gag reflex returns.
-Clients should stay upright 2 to 3 hours after eating.
-Stomach contents are acidic and will erode the esophageal lining.
The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with GERD for discharge following an
esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD). Which statement indicates the client
understands the discharge instructions?
Eat four to six small meals a day and limit fluids during mealtimes.
Clients should eat small, frequent meals and limit fluids with the meals to
prevent reflux into the esophagus from a distended stomach.
-Avoid spicy and acidic foods along with any food that produces symptoms.
-Clients are encouraged to forgo all alcoholic beverages because alcohol
relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter and increases the risk of reflux.
The nurse is planning the care of a client diagnosed with lower esophageal sphincter
dysfunction. Which dietary modifications should be included in the plan of care?
Elevate the head of the bed (HOB) 30 degrees and discuss lifestyle
modifications with the client.
-The head of the bed should be elevated to allow gravity to help in preventing
reflux.
-Lifestyle modifications of losing weight, making dietary modifications,
attempting smoking cessation, discontinuing the use of alcohol, and not
stooping or bending at the waist all help to decrease reflux.
, Page 3 of 35
-NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the stomach, which places the
client at risk for developing gastric ulcers. The client is already experiencing
gastric acid difficulty.
-Walking does not help with GERD.
-If lying on the side, the left side-lying position will allow less chance of reflux
into the esophagus. Antacids are taken one (1) and three (3) hours after a
meal.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with GERD. Which nursing interventions
should be implemented?
Adult-onset asthma
Of adult-onset asthma cases, 80% to 90% are caused by gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD).
The nurse is caring for an adult client diagnosed with GERD. Which condition is the
most common comorbid disease associated with GERD?
A mucosal barrier agent.
A mucosal barrier agent must be administered on an empty stomach for the
medication to coat the stomach.
-Proton pump inhibitors can be administered at routine dosing times, usually
0900 or after breakfast.
The nurse is administering morning medications at 0730. Which medication should
have priority?
The client's WBC count is 14,000/mm3 .
The client's WBC count is elevated, indicating a possible infection, which
warrants notifying the HCP.
-When deciding when to notify a health-care provider, the answer should be
, Page 4 of 35
data not normal for the disease process or signaling a potential or life-
threatening complication.
The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with GERD for surgery. Which information
warrants notifying the HCP?
The 46-year-old client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease who
has wheezes in all five (5) lobes.
This client is exhibiting symptoms of asthma, a complication of GERD. This
client should be assigned to the most experienced nurse.
-Pyrosis means heartburn.
The charge nurse is making assignments. Staffing includes a registered nurse with
five (5) years of medical-surgical experience, a newly graduated registered nurse,
and two (2) unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs). Which client should be assigned
to the most experienced nurse?
"I take antacid tablets with me wherever I go."
-Pain in the chest when walking up stairs indicates angina.
-Snoring loudly could indicate sleep apnea.
-Carbonated beverages increase stomach pressure. Six (6) to seven (7) soft
drinks a day would not be tolerated by a client with GERD.
Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse the client may be
experiencing GERD?
Pyrosis, water brash, and flatulence.
Pyrosis is heartburn.
Water brash is the feeling of saliva secretion as a result of reflux.
Flatulence is gas.
These are all symptoms of GERD.
-Mid epigastric pain, a positive H. pylori test, and melena are associated with
gastric ulcer disease.
The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client diagnosed with GERD.
Which signs and symptoms would indicate GERD?
Esophageal cancer.
(GI, GALLBLADDER, PANCREAS) EXAM 1 REVIEW
QUESTIONS EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS NEWEST 2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Place the client on the right side.
Direct pressure is applied to the site, and then the client is placed on the right
side to maintain site pressure.
-The client should empty the bladder immediately prior to the liver biopsy, not
after the procedure.
-Foods and fluids are usually withheld two (2) hours after the biopsy, after
which the client can resume the usual diet.
The client has had a liver biopsy. Which post-procedure intervention should the
nurse implement?
"What have you done to alleviate the heartburn?"
Most clients with GERD have been self-medicating with over-the-counter
medications prior to seeking advice from a health-care provider. It is important
to know what the client has been using to treat the problem.
The male client tells the nurse he has been experiencing "heartburn" at night that
awakens him. Which assessment question should the nurse ask?
Teach the client to sleep with a foam wedge under the head.
The client should elevate the head of the bed on blocks or use a foam wedge
to use gravity to help keep the gastric acid in the stomach and prevent reflux
, Page 2 of 35
into the esophagus. Behavior modification is changing one's behavior.
-Encourage clients to quit not just decrease smoking.
The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with GERD writes the client problem of
"behavior modification." Which intervention should be included for this problem?
"I should avoid orange juice and eating tomatoes until my esophagus heals."
Orange juice and tomatoes are acidic, and the client diagnosed with GERD
should avoid acidic foods until the esophagus has had a chance to heal.
-Clients can eat as soon as the gag reflex returns.
-Clients should stay upright 2 to 3 hours after eating.
-Stomach contents are acidic and will erode the esophageal lining.
The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with GERD for discharge following an
esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD). Which statement indicates the client
understands the discharge instructions?
Eat four to six small meals a day and limit fluids during mealtimes.
Clients should eat small, frequent meals and limit fluids with the meals to
prevent reflux into the esophagus from a distended stomach.
-Avoid spicy and acidic foods along with any food that produces symptoms.
-Clients are encouraged to forgo all alcoholic beverages because alcohol
relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter and increases the risk of reflux.
The nurse is planning the care of a client diagnosed with lower esophageal sphincter
dysfunction. Which dietary modifications should be included in the plan of care?
Elevate the head of the bed (HOB) 30 degrees and discuss lifestyle
modifications with the client.
-The head of the bed should be elevated to allow gravity to help in preventing
reflux.
-Lifestyle modifications of losing weight, making dietary modifications,
attempting smoking cessation, discontinuing the use of alcohol, and not
stooping or bending at the waist all help to decrease reflux.
, Page 3 of 35
-NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the stomach, which places the
client at risk for developing gastric ulcers. The client is already experiencing
gastric acid difficulty.
-Walking does not help with GERD.
-If lying on the side, the left side-lying position will allow less chance of reflux
into the esophagus. Antacids are taken one (1) and three (3) hours after a
meal.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with GERD. Which nursing interventions
should be implemented?
Adult-onset asthma
Of adult-onset asthma cases, 80% to 90% are caused by gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD).
The nurse is caring for an adult client diagnosed with GERD. Which condition is the
most common comorbid disease associated with GERD?
A mucosal barrier agent.
A mucosal barrier agent must be administered on an empty stomach for the
medication to coat the stomach.
-Proton pump inhibitors can be administered at routine dosing times, usually
0900 or after breakfast.
The nurse is administering morning medications at 0730. Which medication should
have priority?
The client's WBC count is 14,000/mm3 .
The client's WBC count is elevated, indicating a possible infection, which
warrants notifying the HCP.
-When deciding when to notify a health-care provider, the answer should be
, Page 4 of 35
data not normal for the disease process or signaling a potential or life-
threatening complication.
The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with GERD for surgery. Which information
warrants notifying the HCP?
The 46-year-old client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease who
has wheezes in all five (5) lobes.
This client is exhibiting symptoms of asthma, a complication of GERD. This
client should be assigned to the most experienced nurse.
-Pyrosis means heartburn.
The charge nurse is making assignments. Staffing includes a registered nurse with
five (5) years of medical-surgical experience, a newly graduated registered nurse,
and two (2) unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs). Which client should be assigned
to the most experienced nurse?
"I take antacid tablets with me wherever I go."
-Pain in the chest when walking up stairs indicates angina.
-Snoring loudly could indicate sleep apnea.
-Carbonated beverages increase stomach pressure. Six (6) to seven (7) soft
drinks a day would not be tolerated by a client with GERD.
Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse the client may be
experiencing GERD?
Pyrosis, water brash, and flatulence.
Pyrosis is heartburn.
Water brash is the feeling of saliva secretion as a result of reflux.
Flatulence is gas.
These are all symptoms of GERD.
-Mid epigastric pain, a positive H. pylori test, and melena are associated with
gastric ulcer disease.
The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client diagnosed with GERD.
Which signs and symptoms would indicate GERD?
Esophageal cancer.
