HESI PN MED SURG EXAM 2026 PRACTICE
EXAMINATION TEST COLLECTION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS GRADED A+
⩥ A client mentions using garlic daily as an herb to lower cholesterol
and triglyceride levels. Which nursing action is a priority?
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to cause hypertension.
c. This may relieve fever in the same way that acetaminophen does.
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brushing and mouthwash to prevent
garlic odor.
Answer: a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the same way that aspirin works,
and the client should be monitored for bleeding. Garlic can lower the
blood pressure, not raise it. It does not relieve fever. While the client will
likely want to avoid garlic odor, it is not a priority.
⩥ The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the health histories of assigned
clients. Which factors have a potential for development of throat cancer?
(Select all that apply.)
,a. Tobacco use
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
e. Lack of exercise
f. Lack of dietary fiber
Answer: a. Tobacco use
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Rationale:
The most common risk factors for throat cancer are tobacco use, alcohol
abuse, human papillomavirus (HPV), a diet lacking in fruits and
vegetable, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Foods seasoned
with herbs and spices have shown to have some health benefits in
decreasing the risk of developing cancer.
⩥ A client has undergone craniotomy to remove a brain tumor. The
client spent several days in the intensive care unit, and is now on the
post-surgical unit. The nurse has urgently contact the surgeon to report
signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). Which was the most
likely EARLY sign that the client was experiencing increased ICP?
a. The client's blood pressure dropped from 128/70 to 124/68,
preoperative BP 122/72
b. The client became more confused than he was upon transfer to the
post-surgical unit.
,c. The client had a large amount of sanguineous drainage noted on the
gauze dressings.
d. The client's pulse rate had increased from 70 to 82 beats/min.
Answer: b. The client became more confused than he was upon transfer
to the post-surgical unit.
Rationale:
A change in the level of consciousness is most likely the earliest
symptom of increased ICP. Vital sign changes can also occur, with a
widening pulse pressure and bradycardia. Neither of these are indicated
by data in the options. Sanguineous drainage does not indicate increased
ICP.
⩥ The home health practical nurse is visiting with a client who has a
history of second-degree heart block and pacemaker placement 6 months
ago. Which symptom compliant by the client would be indicative of
pacemaker failure?
a. Facial flushing
b. Nausea
c. Pounding headache
d. Feelings of dizziness
Answer: d. Feelings of dizziness
Rationale:
Feelings of dizziness may occur as the result of a decreased heart rate,
leading to decreased cardiac output as a result of pacemaker failure.
, ⩥ Which actions demonstrate to the practical nurse that the client
understands the correct procedure administration of a metered dose
inhaler (MDI)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Sit or stand.
b. Shake the inhaler.
c. Attach the canister of medication to the mouthpiece.
d. Breathe in through the mouth, filling the lungs.
e. Use a spacer attachment and place the mouthpiece in the mouth.
f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the breath 10 seconds.
Answer: b. Shake the inhaler.
c. Attach the canister of medication to the mouthpiece.
e. Use a spacer attachment and place the mouthpiece in the mouth.
f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the breath 10 seconds.
Rationale:
The correct sequence of MDI administration includes shaking the
inhaler, attaching the canister to the mouthpiece, attaching the spacer,
the client should then let their breath out through the mouth to empty the
lungs and place the mouthpiece in the mouth, closing the lips and mouth
around the mouthpiece, and inhaling medication and holding the breath
for 10 seconds.
EXAMINATION TEST COLLECTION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS GRADED A+
⩥ A client mentions using garlic daily as an herb to lower cholesterol
and triglyceride levels. Which nursing action is a priority?
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to cause hypertension.
c. This may relieve fever in the same way that acetaminophen does.
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brushing and mouthwash to prevent
garlic odor.
Answer: a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the same way that aspirin works,
and the client should be monitored for bleeding. Garlic can lower the
blood pressure, not raise it. It does not relieve fever. While the client will
likely want to avoid garlic odor, it is not a priority.
⩥ The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the health histories of assigned
clients. Which factors have a potential for development of throat cancer?
(Select all that apply.)
,a. Tobacco use
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
e. Lack of exercise
f. Lack of dietary fiber
Answer: a. Tobacco use
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Rationale:
The most common risk factors for throat cancer are tobacco use, alcohol
abuse, human papillomavirus (HPV), a diet lacking in fruits and
vegetable, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Foods seasoned
with herbs and spices have shown to have some health benefits in
decreasing the risk of developing cancer.
⩥ A client has undergone craniotomy to remove a brain tumor. The
client spent several days in the intensive care unit, and is now on the
post-surgical unit. The nurse has urgently contact the surgeon to report
signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). Which was the most
likely EARLY sign that the client was experiencing increased ICP?
a. The client's blood pressure dropped from 128/70 to 124/68,
preoperative BP 122/72
b. The client became more confused than he was upon transfer to the
post-surgical unit.
,c. The client had a large amount of sanguineous drainage noted on the
gauze dressings.
d. The client's pulse rate had increased from 70 to 82 beats/min.
Answer: b. The client became more confused than he was upon transfer
to the post-surgical unit.
Rationale:
A change in the level of consciousness is most likely the earliest
symptom of increased ICP. Vital sign changes can also occur, with a
widening pulse pressure and bradycardia. Neither of these are indicated
by data in the options. Sanguineous drainage does not indicate increased
ICP.
⩥ The home health practical nurse is visiting with a client who has a
history of second-degree heart block and pacemaker placement 6 months
ago. Which symptom compliant by the client would be indicative of
pacemaker failure?
a. Facial flushing
b. Nausea
c. Pounding headache
d. Feelings of dizziness
Answer: d. Feelings of dizziness
Rationale:
Feelings of dizziness may occur as the result of a decreased heart rate,
leading to decreased cardiac output as a result of pacemaker failure.
, ⩥ Which actions demonstrate to the practical nurse that the client
understands the correct procedure administration of a metered dose
inhaler (MDI)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Sit or stand.
b. Shake the inhaler.
c. Attach the canister of medication to the mouthpiece.
d. Breathe in through the mouth, filling the lungs.
e. Use a spacer attachment and place the mouthpiece in the mouth.
f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the breath 10 seconds.
Answer: b. Shake the inhaler.
c. Attach the canister of medication to the mouthpiece.
e. Use a spacer attachment and place the mouthpiece in the mouth.
f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the breath 10 seconds.
Rationale:
The correct sequence of MDI administration includes shaking the
inhaler, attaching the canister to the mouthpiece, attaching the spacer,
the client should then let their breath out through the mouth to empty the
lungs and place the mouthpiece in the mouth, closing the lips and mouth
around the mouthpiece, and inhaling medication and holding the breath
for 10 seconds.
