NR565 / NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals
Final Exam - Chamberlain
100% Guarantee Pass
1. What is most important for the filtration process?
Answer
Blood hydrostatic pressure
2. What are the functions of the kidney?
Answer
Sodium/water removal, waste removal, hormone production
3. What is acute renal failure?
Answer
sudden loss of kidney function due to an illness, Injury, drug, Or toxin that stresses
the kidneys. ARF can be reversible
4. What is chronic Renal failure?
Answer
A long slow process where the kidney looses its ability to function, it occurs in
1/5
,different stages
5. What is end stage renal disease?
Answer
Irreversible loss of kidney function
6. What are the types of ARF?
Answer
Prerenal, intravenal, post renal
7. What is the most common cause of ARF?
Answer
Pre renal
8. What happens when pre Renal is not treated?
Answer
It can turn into intrinsic/ intrarenal and damage inside
9. What is pre-renal failure?
Answer
When the damage is before the kidneys due to decreased blood flow from volume
depletion or hypoperfusion
2/5
, 10. Give examples of volume depletion and hypoperfusion
Answer
Too many diuretics, vomiting and diarrhea, hemorrhage;
Decreased cardiac output due to hf and artheroschlerosis
11. Explain pathophysiology of pre renal failure
Answer
Decreased blood flow means decreased GFR, decreased GFR means decreased renal
blood flow, then de- creased GFR activates RAAS. Angiotensin secretes aldosterone
which increases BP volume
12. What is significant about the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
Answer
It is where
the least blood flow occurs, rhe most damage occurs in the PCT when ischemia
happens
13. What enzyme is obtained from the kidney?
Answer
Erythropoieten
14. angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is made where? What does it do?
Answer
3/5
Final Exam - Chamberlain
100% Guarantee Pass
1. What is most important for the filtration process?
Answer
Blood hydrostatic pressure
2. What are the functions of the kidney?
Answer
Sodium/water removal, waste removal, hormone production
3. What is acute renal failure?
Answer
sudden loss of kidney function due to an illness, Injury, drug, Or toxin that stresses
the kidneys. ARF can be reversible
4. What is chronic Renal failure?
Answer
A long slow process where the kidney looses its ability to function, it occurs in
1/5
,different stages
5. What is end stage renal disease?
Answer
Irreversible loss of kidney function
6. What are the types of ARF?
Answer
Prerenal, intravenal, post renal
7. What is the most common cause of ARF?
Answer
Pre renal
8. What happens when pre Renal is not treated?
Answer
It can turn into intrinsic/ intrarenal and damage inside
9. What is pre-renal failure?
Answer
When the damage is before the kidneys due to decreased blood flow from volume
depletion or hypoperfusion
2/5
, 10. Give examples of volume depletion and hypoperfusion
Answer
Too many diuretics, vomiting and diarrhea, hemorrhage;
Decreased cardiac output due to hf and artheroschlerosis
11. Explain pathophysiology of pre renal failure
Answer
Decreased blood flow means decreased GFR, decreased GFR means decreased renal
blood flow, then de- creased GFR activates RAAS. Angiotensin secretes aldosterone
which increases BP volume
12. What is significant about the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
Answer
It is where
the least blood flow occurs, rhe most damage occurs in the PCT when ischemia
happens
13. What enzyme is obtained from the kidney?
Answer
Erythropoieten
14. angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is made where? What does it do?
Answer
3/5
