CALP Exam Question and Answer (2026)
| Newest Update Verified Answers with
Detailed Rationales | A+ Verified
• tilde -✓✓waving line placed over a vower before "r" in a combination to indicate
unaccented syllable ~
• syntax -✓✓arrangement and sequence of words in sentences, clauses, and
phrases; set of principles that dictate sequence and function in order to convey
meaning ( G.U.M.)
• voiced/unvoiced cognates -✓✓phonemes pronounce din the same place of the
mouth but vary in voicing /k/ /g/
• phonology -✓✓sound system of a language; science of speech sounds;the study
of peach sound system, rules and patterns of speech; unconscious rules and
patterns of spoken language (sad vs sank)
• suprasegmental -✓✓aspects of language ( intonations, pitch, juncture, speaking
rate) supersize
• occipital cortex -✓✓vision; receives information first
• Old English -✓✓Began when Angles, Saxons, Jutes arrived in England.
Language of Vikings; Old Norse and Latin also influenced; Teutonic invasion;
Christianizing of Britain; 449 AD-1066; decline of Old English as result of
Norman Conquest
,• phonological awareness -✓✓an umbrella term used to refer to a student's
sensitivity to sound structure in language; understanding of internal linguistic
structures of words; awareness of onset-rime and individual phonemes
• naming speed -✓✓a speed naming task; administered to pre-readers
• phoneme -✓✓smallest unit of sound in speech /s/ /a/ /d/; individual sound unit in
spoken words
• prosody -✓✓vocal intonation and meter of spoken language;readers sound as if
they are speaking;significant to communicate and comprehend emotions and
attitudes
• Torgensen, Lundber, and Foorman -✓✓phonological awareness is a critical factor
in dyslexia
• macron -✓✓diacritical line over long vowel sound
• breve -✓✓diacritical mark over short vowel sound
• cedilla -✓✓diacritical mark under C indicting soft sound
• base word -✓✓word before affixes added/can stand alone
• Grace Fernald -✓✓Kinesthetic method influenced Orton; he suggested
kinesthetic-tactile reinforcement of visual and auditory associations could reverse
transposition of letters
, • 3 layers of language -✓✓Anglo-Saxon; Latin; Greek
• Anglo-Saxon Layer -✓✓stresses everyday life; common words; usually 1 syllable
• Latin Layer -✓✓used in more formal settings; often found in lit, science in upper
elem texts etc; longer than A-S
• Greek Layer -✓✓scientific; roots often combine forms and compounds
• bound morpheme -✓✓must be attached to other morphemes ( -ed, pre-)
• chameleon prefix -✓✓prefix whose final consonant depends on the initial letter
of a root (in- changes to -ir) Clue: when you see double consonants at beginning of
word
• cloze procedure -✓✓"fill in the blank" reading
• curriculum-referenced test -✓✓Items taken from curriculum - not tested on
material not taught. Good match between assessment and instruction. Can be
informal or formal.
• diagnostic evaluation -✓✓Used to identify the nature and source of an
individual's educational, psychological, or medical difficulties/disabilities in order
to facilitate remediation
| Newest Update Verified Answers with
Detailed Rationales | A+ Verified
• tilde -✓✓waving line placed over a vower before "r" in a combination to indicate
unaccented syllable ~
• syntax -✓✓arrangement and sequence of words in sentences, clauses, and
phrases; set of principles that dictate sequence and function in order to convey
meaning ( G.U.M.)
• voiced/unvoiced cognates -✓✓phonemes pronounce din the same place of the
mouth but vary in voicing /k/ /g/
• phonology -✓✓sound system of a language; science of speech sounds;the study
of peach sound system, rules and patterns of speech; unconscious rules and
patterns of spoken language (sad vs sank)
• suprasegmental -✓✓aspects of language ( intonations, pitch, juncture, speaking
rate) supersize
• occipital cortex -✓✓vision; receives information first
• Old English -✓✓Began when Angles, Saxons, Jutes arrived in England.
Language of Vikings; Old Norse and Latin also influenced; Teutonic invasion;
Christianizing of Britain; 449 AD-1066; decline of Old English as result of
Norman Conquest
,• phonological awareness -✓✓an umbrella term used to refer to a student's
sensitivity to sound structure in language; understanding of internal linguistic
structures of words; awareness of onset-rime and individual phonemes
• naming speed -✓✓a speed naming task; administered to pre-readers
• phoneme -✓✓smallest unit of sound in speech /s/ /a/ /d/; individual sound unit in
spoken words
• prosody -✓✓vocal intonation and meter of spoken language;readers sound as if
they are speaking;significant to communicate and comprehend emotions and
attitudes
• Torgensen, Lundber, and Foorman -✓✓phonological awareness is a critical factor
in dyslexia
• macron -✓✓diacritical line over long vowel sound
• breve -✓✓diacritical mark over short vowel sound
• cedilla -✓✓diacritical mark under C indicting soft sound
• base word -✓✓word before affixes added/can stand alone
• Grace Fernald -✓✓Kinesthetic method influenced Orton; he suggested
kinesthetic-tactile reinforcement of visual and auditory associations could reverse
transposition of letters
, • 3 layers of language -✓✓Anglo-Saxon; Latin; Greek
• Anglo-Saxon Layer -✓✓stresses everyday life; common words; usually 1 syllable
• Latin Layer -✓✓used in more formal settings; often found in lit, science in upper
elem texts etc; longer than A-S
• Greek Layer -✓✓scientific; roots often combine forms and compounds
• bound morpheme -✓✓must be attached to other morphemes ( -ed, pre-)
• chameleon prefix -✓✓prefix whose final consonant depends on the initial letter
of a root (in- changes to -ir) Clue: when you see double consonants at beginning of
word
• cloze procedure -✓✓"fill in the blank" reading
• curriculum-referenced test -✓✓Items taken from curriculum - not tested on
material not taught. Good match between assessment and instruction. Can be
informal or formal.
• diagnostic evaluation -✓✓Used to identify the nature and source of an
individual's educational, psychological, or medical difficulties/disabilities in order
to facilitate remediation
