BIOS 252 Midterm Exam 3 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of mitosis is characterized by chromosome
condensation?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In prophase, chromatin condenses into visible
chromosomes and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.
2. Which macromolecule is the primary component of cell
membranes?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phospholipids form the bilayer that constitutes the main
structure of the plasma membrane.
3. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A. Lysosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation during cellular respiration.
4. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins synthesized in the rough ER are sent to the
Golgi for processing and packaging.
5. Which organelle stores calcium in muscle cells?
,A. Nucleus
B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers muscle contraction.
6. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
macromolecules?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes digest cellular waste, pathogens, and
damaged organelles.
7. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Ribosomes on the rough ER produce proteins destined
for export or membrane integration.
8. Which organelle detoxifies drugs and alcohol in liver cells?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER metabolizes harmful substances including
alcohol and certain drugs.
9. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nucleolus synthesizes rRNA and assembles the large
and small ribosomal subunits.
10. Which organelle stores glycogen in the cytoplasm?
A. Cytoplasm & smooth ER
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of mitosis is characterized by chromosome
condensation?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In prophase, chromatin condenses into visible
chromosomes and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.
2. Which macromolecule is the primary component of cell
membranes?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phospholipids form the bilayer that constitutes the main
structure of the plasma membrane.
3. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A. Lysosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation during cellular respiration.
4. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins synthesized in the rough ER are sent to the
Golgi for processing and packaging.
5. Which organelle stores calcium in muscle cells?
,A. Nucleus
B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers muscle contraction.
6. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
macromolecules?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes digest cellular waste, pathogens, and
damaged organelles.
7. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Ribosomes on the rough ER produce proteins destined
for export or membrane integration.
8. Which organelle detoxifies drugs and alcohol in liver cells?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER metabolizes harmful substances including
alcohol and certain drugs.
9. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nucleolus synthesizes rRNA and assembles the large
and small ribosomal subunits.
10. Which organelle stores glycogen in the cytoplasm?
A. Cytoplasm & smooth ER
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
