BIOS 252 Midterm Exam 2 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes lining up at the
equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase
plate for proper segregation.
2. Which macromolecule serves as a long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Lipids, such as triglycerides, store energy more
efficiently than carbohydrates.
3. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for use within the cell?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Free ribosomes produce proteins that function within the
cytoplasm.
4. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying hydrogen
peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts hydrogen
peroxide into water and oxygen.
5. Which organelle is the site of aerobic respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
,C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP by oxidizing glucose and
fatty acids in the presence of oxygen.
6. Which organelle packages proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins into vesicles for export.
7. Which structure controls the passage of materials into and out
of the cell?
A. Cytoskeleton
B. Plasma membrane
C. Ribosome
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane is selectively permeable,
controlling molecular traffic.
8. Which organelle stores calcium in muscle cells?
, A. Smooth ER
B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Nucleus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium to trigger
muscle contraction.
9. Which macromolecule forms enzymes?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proteins act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical
reactions.
10. Which organelle modifies proteins by glycosylation?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi apparatus adds carbohydrate groups to proteins
for proper targeting.
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes lining up at the
equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase
plate for proper segregation.
2. Which macromolecule serves as a long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Lipids, such as triglycerides, store energy more
efficiently than carbohydrates.
3. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for use within the cell?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Free ribosomes produce proteins that function within the
cytoplasm.
4. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying hydrogen
peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts hydrogen
peroxide into water and oxygen.
5. Which organelle is the site of aerobic respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
,C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP by oxidizing glucose and
fatty acids in the presence of oxygen.
6. Which organelle packages proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins into vesicles for export.
7. Which structure controls the passage of materials into and out
of the cell?
A. Cytoskeleton
B. Plasma membrane
C. Ribosome
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane is selectively permeable,
controlling molecular traffic.
8. Which organelle stores calcium in muscle cells?
, A. Smooth ER
B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Nucleus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium to trigger
muscle contraction.
9. Which macromolecule forms enzymes?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proteins act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical
reactions.
10. Which organelle modifies proteins by glycosylation?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi apparatus adds carbohydrate groups to proteins
for proper targeting.
