BIOS 252 Midterm Exam 4 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA
replication?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The S phase is when DNA is replicated to ensure each
daughter cell receives a full genome.
2. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: In anaphase, spindle fibers pull sister chromatids toward
opposite poles.
3. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
cellular waste?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes degrade macromolecules, pathogens, and
damaged organelles.
4. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and steroid hormones?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification,
and steroid hormone production.
5. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
,C. Smooth ER
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins from the rough ER are processed, modified, and
packaged in the Golgi.
6. Which organelle generates ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP via the electron transport
chain and oxidative phosphorylation.
7. Which organelle stores calcium for muscle contraction?
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Nucleus
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers skeletal muscle contraction.
8. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
, A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: rRNA is synthesized and ribosomal subunits are
assembled in the nucleolus.
9. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts hydrogen
peroxide into water and oxygen.
10. Which organelle produces proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes on the rough ER synthesize proteins destined
for export.
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
it
1. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA
replication?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The S phase is when DNA is replicated to ensure each
daughter cell receives a full genome.
2. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: In anaphase, spindle fibers pull sister chromatids toward
opposite poles.
3. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
cellular waste?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes degrade macromolecules, pathogens, and
damaged organelles.
4. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and steroid hormones?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification,
and steroid hormone production.
5. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
,C. Smooth ER
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins from the rough ER are processed, modified, and
packaged in the Golgi.
6. Which organelle generates ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP via the electron transport
chain and oxidative phosphorylation.
7. Which organelle stores calcium for muscle contraction?
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Nucleus
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers skeletal muscle contraction.
8. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
, A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: rRNA is synthesized and ribosomal subunits are
assembled in the nucleolus.
9. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts hydrogen
peroxide into water and oxygen.
10. Which organelle produces proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes on the rough ER synthesize proteins destined
for export.
