Life-sciences: life and
living
The chemistry of life:
Organic and inorganic compounds:
Organic: derived from living things
Inorganic: derived from non-living things
The inorganic compound of water:
water is found in the form of a gas, liquid and solid matter.
The five functions:
1. Regulates body temp
2. Used for transportation of wasteful products in the body
3. Used as a reagent
4. Used for the reproduction of plants
5. Used as a solvent
The inorganic compound of minerals:
Micro-minerals: minerals needed in small amounts
Macro-minerals: minerals needed in large quantities
Minerals need to provide a source, function and
deficiency
,type function deficiency
Potassium A: helps muscles Muscle
(K) move cramps
P: Don’t grow
photosynthesis
Sodium A: engages Muscle
(Na) muscles and cramps
nerves
P: balances Die off
water
Calcium A: strong bones rickets
(Ca) and teeth
P: strong cell collapse
wall
Iodine (I) A: growth Goitre
hormone
P:photosynthesis Poor growth
Iron (Fe) A: gives energy Anemia
P: helps make Yellow leaves
chlorophyll
Nitrogen A: makes Poor growth
(N) proteins
P: growth Yellow leaves
Phosphoru A: formulates Weak bones
s (P) bones and teeth
P: makes seeds Poor growth
Magnesium p: forms the central Chlorosis
(Mg) atom of the
chlorophyll molecule
a: bone and Muscle
teeth formation cramps
,Eutrophication:
This process occurs when farmers use too much
fertiliser on their crops in hopes of them growing
quicker, however when it rains, the leftover fertiliser
gets washed into bodies of still water, where it forms
the algae bloom (a plant-like slimy substance). Over
time bacteria will take oxygen from the water to cause
the algae to spread. The more oxygen taken from the
water, the less oxygen the other living organisms like
fish inside the water have to breathe!
The organic compound of carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates, such as bread, rice, noodles etc.
The monomer of carbohydrates are saccharides.
The three groups:
Monosaccharides: made up of one sugar molecule
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Disaccharides: made up of two sugar molecules
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
, Polysaccharides: made up of more than three sugar
molecules
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
Functions of carbohydrate:
Provides a source of energy
Builds cell structure.
The organic compound of lipids (fats):
The monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol.
diagram
Fatty acids
Glycerol
Fatty acids
Fatty acids
living
The chemistry of life:
Organic and inorganic compounds:
Organic: derived from living things
Inorganic: derived from non-living things
The inorganic compound of water:
water is found in the form of a gas, liquid and solid matter.
The five functions:
1. Regulates body temp
2. Used for transportation of wasteful products in the body
3. Used as a reagent
4. Used for the reproduction of plants
5. Used as a solvent
The inorganic compound of minerals:
Micro-minerals: minerals needed in small amounts
Macro-minerals: minerals needed in large quantities
Minerals need to provide a source, function and
deficiency
,type function deficiency
Potassium A: helps muscles Muscle
(K) move cramps
P: Don’t grow
photosynthesis
Sodium A: engages Muscle
(Na) muscles and cramps
nerves
P: balances Die off
water
Calcium A: strong bones rickets
(Ca) and teeth
P: strong cell collapse
wall
Iodine (I) A: growth Goitre
hormone
P:photosynthesis Poor growth
Iron (Fe) A: gives energy Anemia
P: helps make Yellow leaves
chlorophyll
Nitrogen A: makes Poor growth
(N) proteins
P: growth Yellow leaves
Phosphoru A: formulates Weak bones
s (P) bones and teeth
P: makes seeds Poor growth
Magnesium p: forms the central Chlorosis
(Mg) atom of the
chlorophyll molecule
a: bone and Muscle
teeth formation cramps
,Eutrophication:
This process occurs when farmers use too much
fertiliser on their crops in hopes of them growing
quicker, however when it rains, the leftover fertiliser
gets washed into bodies of still water, where it forms
the algae bloom (a plant-like slimy substance). Over
time bacteria will take oxygen from the water to cause
the algae to spread. The more oxygen taken from the
water, the less oxygen the other living organisms like
fish inside the water have to breathe!
The organic compound of carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates, such as bread, rice, noodles etc.
The monomer of carbohydrates are saccharides.
The three groups:
Monosaccharides: made up of one sugar molecule
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Disaccharides: made up of two sugar molecules
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
, Polysaccharides: made up of more than three sugar
molecules
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
Functions of carbohydrate:
Provides a source of energy
Builds cell structure.
The organic compound of lipids (fats):
The monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol.
diagram
Fatty acids
Glycerol
Fatty acids
Fatty acids
