BIO 1201 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
CUMULATIVE
CHAPTER 2: The Chemical Context of Life
Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
B) Sodium, potassium, calcium, and iron
C) Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and salt
D) Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur - ANS A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen
What is the atomic number of an element?
A) The number of protons
B) The number of neutrons
C) The sum of protons and neutrons
D) The number of valence electrons - ANS A) The number of protons
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,How do isotopes of an element differ?
A) In their number of protons
B) In their number of electrons
C) In their number of neutrons
D) In their atomic number - ANS C) In their number of neutrons
What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?
A) lonic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Van der Waals interaction - ANS C) Covalent bond
A hydrogen bond can form between:
A) Two hydrogens in the same molecule
B) The hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another
C) Two carbon atoms
D) Two positively charged ions - ANS B) The hydrogen of one molecule and an
electronegative atom of another
CHAPTER 3: Water and Life
Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of insects to walk on water?
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,A) Specific heat
B) Adhesion
C) Surface tension
D) Heat of vaporization - ANS C) Surface tension
Water's high specific heat helps to:
A) Dissolve all substances
B) Buffer pH in cells
C) Stabilize ocean temperatures
D) Heat quickly for enzyme activity - ANS C) Stabilize ocean temperatures
What causes water to be polar?
A) Equal sharing of electrons
B) Its hydrogen bonds
C) Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen
D) Nonpolar covalent bonds - ANS C) Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and
oxygen
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 10^-7 M?
A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9 - ANS C) 7
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, A buffer is a substance that:
A) Speeds up chemical reactions
B) Minimizes changes in pH
C) Neutralizes water
D) Removes ions from solution - ANS B) Minimizes changes in pH
CHAPTER 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Carbon can form how many covalent bonds?
A) 2
B) 4
C6
D) 8 - ANS B) 4
Which functional group is characteristic of alcohols?
A) Carbonyl
B) Hydroxyl
C) Amino
D) Carboxyl - ANS B) Hydroxyl
Isomers are molecules that:
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ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
CUMULATIVE
CHAPTER 2: The Chemical Context of Life
Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
B) Sodium, potassium, calcium, and iron
C) Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and salt
D) Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur - ANS A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen
What is the atomic number of an element?
A) The number of protons
B) The number of neutrons
C) The sum of protons and neutrons
D) The number of valence electrons - ANS A) The number of protons
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,How do isotopes of an element differ?
A) In their number of protons
B) In their number of electrons
C) In their number of neutrons
D) In their atomic number - ANS C) In their number of neutrons
What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?
A) lonic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Van der Waals interaction - ANS C) Covalent bond
A hydrogen bond can form between:
A) Two hydrogens in the same molecule
B) The hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another
C) Two carbon atoms
D) Two positively charged ions - ANS B) The hydrogen of one molecule and an
electronegative atom of another
CHAPTER 3: Water and Life
Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of insects to walk on water?
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,A) Specific heat
B) Adhesion
C) Surface tension
D) Heat of vaporization - ANS C) Surface tension
Water's high specific heat helps to:
A) Dissolve all substances
B) Buffer pH in cells
C) Stabilize ocean temperatures
D) Heat quickly for enzyme activity - ANS C) Stabilize ocean temperatures
What causes water to be polar?
A) Equal sharing of electrons
B) Its hydrogen bonds
C) Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen
D) Nonpolar covalent bonds - ANS C) Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and
oxygen
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 10^-7 M?
A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9 - ANS C) 7
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, A buffer is a substance that:
A) Speeds up chemical reactions
B) Minimizes changes in pH
C) Neutralizes water
D) Removes ions from solution - ANS B) Minimizes changes in pH
CHAPTER 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Carbon can form how many covalent bonds?
A) 2
B) 4
C6
D) 8 - ANS B) 4
Which functional group is characteristic of alcohols?
A) Carbonyl
B) Hydroxyl
C) Amino
D) Carboxyl - ANS B) Hydroxyl
Isomers are molecules that:
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