BIOLOGY 1201 FINAL EXAM GREGG
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Subatomic particles - ANS protons, neutrons, electrons
Proton charge and location - ANS positive, nucleus
neutron charge and location - ANS neutral, nucleus
Electron charge and location - ANS negative (-) and outside nucleus in electron cloud
valence electrons - ANS electrons in the outermost shell
incomplete valence shells - ANS atoms can share or transfer electrons with other atoms, or
make chemical bonds
Atoms valence - ANS Bonding capacity = the number of unpaired electrons required to
complete valence shell
Chemically inert - ANS Atoms with a full valence shell, do not form bonds
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,Covalent bond - ANS the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
Electronegativity - ANS A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to
attract electrons
nonpolar covalent bond - ANS Share e- equally
polar covalent bond - ANS unequal sharing of electrons
The # of unpaired e- in the valence shell of an atom = - ANS Valence or # of covalent bonds it
can form
Properties of water - ANS cohesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, expansion
upon freezing, versatility as a solvent
cohesion of water molecules - ANS hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together, helps the
transport of water against gravity in plants
moderation of temperature by water - ANS Water absorbs heat from warmer air and releases
stored heat to cooler air
Water can absorb or release a large amount of heat with only a slight change in its own
temperature
Versatility as a Solvent (Water) - ANS The property of water that allows it to dissolve polar
substancess
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, Solute - ANS what is being dissolved
aqeuous solution - ANS a solution in which the solvent is waters
Solution - ANS A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Solvent - ANS A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Expansion upon freezing of water - ANS Hydrogen bonds make ice less dense than liquid
water. The lattice structure of ice makes it less dense than the freely flowing molecules of liquid
water, enabling it to float on water
Hydration Shell - ANS the sphere of water molecules around a dissolved ion
High specific heat of water allows - ANS Minimal temperature fluctuations to within limits
that permit life
Heat - ANS thermal energy in transfer from one body of matter to another
kinetic energy - ANS energy of motion
potential energy - ANS stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
Hydrophilic - ANS Affinity to water
Hydrophobic - ANS Water fearing
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Subatomic particles - ANS protons, neutrons, electrons
Proton charge and location - ANS positive, nucleus
neutron charge and location - ANS neutral, nucleus
Electron charge and location - ANS negative (-) and outside nucleus in electron cloud
valence electrons - ANS electrons in the outermost shell
incomplete valence shells - ANS atoms can share or transfer electrons with other atoms, or
make chemical bonds
Atoms valence - ANS Bonding capacity = the number of unpaired electrons required to
complete valence shell
Chemically inert - ANS Atoms with a full valence shell, do not form bonds
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,Covalent bond - ANS the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
Electronegativity - ANS A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to
attract electrons
nonpolar covalent bond - ANS Share e- equally
polar covalent bond - ANS unequal sharing of electrons
The # of unpaired e- in the valence shell of an atom = - ANS Valence or # of covalent bonds it
can form
Properties of water - ANS cohesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, expansion
upon freezing, versatility as a solvent
cohesion of water molecules - ANS hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together, helps the
transport of water against gravity in plants
moderation of temperature by water - ANS Water absorbs heat from warmer air and releases
stored heat to cooler air
Water can absorb or release a large amount of heat with only a slight change in its own
temperature
Versatility as a Solvent (Water) - ANS The property of water that allows it to dissolve polar
substancess
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 22
, Solute - ANS what is being dissolved
aqeuous solution - ANS a solution in which the solvent is waters
Solution - ANS A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Solvent - ANS A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Expansion upon freezing of water - ANS Hydrogen bonds make ice less dense than liquid
water. The lattice structure of ice makes it less dense than the freely flowing molecules of liquid
water, enabling it to float on water
Hydration Shell - ANS the sphere of water molecules around a dissolved ion
High specific heat of water allows - ANS Minimal temperature fluctuations to within limits
that permit life
Heat - ANS thermal energy in transfer from one body of matter to another
kinetic energy - ANS energy of motion
potential energy - ANS stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
Hydrophilic - ANS Affinity to water
Hydrophobic - ANS Water fearing
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