FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Origination of the word "nurse" - ANS from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANS communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANS nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths
and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and patients
during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANS -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANS -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs
and LPNs
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,- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANS respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANS -well defined body specific
and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANS defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated nursing
from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books; founder of modern
nursing
Clara Barton - ANS established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union
soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
sources of knowledge - ANS -traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - ANS you can see the object
subjective - ANS coming from that subject
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, types of knowledge - ANS -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to develop
and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired result)
goals of nursing research - ANS -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - ANS examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or
ideas
inductive reasoning - ANS one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about
general ideas
health - ANS a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
illness - ANS the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving
changed level of functioning
wellness - ANS an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical,
mental, and emotional health
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 24
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Origination of the word "nurse" - ANS from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANS communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANS nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths
and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and patients
during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANS -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANS -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs
and LPNs
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 24
,- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANS respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANS -well defined body specific
and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANS defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated nursing
from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books; founder of modern
nursing
Clara Barton - ANS established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union
soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
sources of knowledge - ANS -traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - ANS you can see the object
subjective - ANS coming from that subject
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 24
, types of knowledge - ANS -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to develop
and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired result)
goals of nursing research - ANS -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - ANS examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or
ideas
inductive reasoning - ANS one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about
general ideas
health - ANS a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
illness - ANS the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving
changed level of functioning
wellness - ANS an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical,
mental, and emotional health
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 24
