INSY 4325 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
IT Architecture - ANS A conceptual blueprint that defines how business strategy is translated
into systems including structure standards processes integration and system requirements
IT Infrastructure - ANS The actual hardware software networks and data components that
implement and support the architecture
Architecture vs Infrastructure - ANS Architecture is the design and plan of systems while
infrastructure is the physical and virtual components that execute that plan
Strategy to Architecture to Infrastructure - ANS Business strategy defines goals architecture
converts them into system design and infrastructure implements them using technology
Business Requirements - ANS Detailed functional and technical specifications derived from
business goals that define what the system must accomplish
Platform - ANS A foundation consisting of hardware operating systems or cloud environments
that allow applications to run
Application (App) - ANS Software that runs on platforms to process data perform tasks
support workflows and provide outputs
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 35
,Network - ANS The system of connections including hardware and protocols that enable
communication and data transfer between devices
Data - ANS Digital representation of facts observations or transactions used by applications
for processing and decision making
IS Strategy Matrix - ANS A framework analyzing IT components using What the system does
Who uses it and Where it is located
What (Framework) - ANS Defines the purpose or function of the technology such as
processing storing or transmitting data
Who (Framework) - ANS Identifies users managers vendors or stakeholders responsible for or
affected by the system
Where (Framework) - ANS Specifies the physical or virtual location of systems and data such
as cloud or on-premise
Centralized Architecture - ANS All systems data and processing are controlled from a single
central location such as a data center
Decentralized Architecture - ANS System processing and resources are distributed across
multiple locations or machines
Server-Based Architecture - ANS A decentralized architecture where multiple servers handle
processing storage and application hosting
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 35
,Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) - ANS An architecture that uses modular reusable
services connected via APIs to perform business functions
Software as a Service (SaaS) - ANS Software delivered over the internet by a provider
eliminating local installation and maintenance
Web Services - ANS Standardized ways for systems to communicate and exchange data over
the internet
Cloud Computing - ANS Delivery of computing services such as storage processing and
software over the internet on demand
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - ANS Cloud service providing virtualized computing
resources like servers storage and networking
Platform as a Service (PaaS) - ANS Cloud service providing a platform for developers to build
test and deploy applications
Software as a Service (SaaS Cloud) - ANS Cloud-based applications accessed via the internet
without installation
Function as a Service (FaaS) - ANS Execution of code in response to events without managing
servers
Authentication as a Service (AaaS) - ANS Cloud-based identity verification and access
management
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 35
, Zero Trust Networking (ZTN) - ANS Security model that requires verification for every user
and device before granting access
API (Application Programming Interface) - ANS A set of rules that allows different systems or
applications to communicate and share data
Utility Computing - ANS A pricing model where organizations pay only for the computing
resources they use
Capacity on Demand - ANS System ability to scale resources up or down automatically based
on usage
Virtualization - ANS Using software to simulate hardware resources allowing multiple systems
on one physical machine
Multi-Homing - ANS Using multiple competing platforms or technologies at the same time to
increase flexibility and reduce dependency
Cloud Risks - ANS Includes vendor lock-in dependency security risks and difficulty migrating
applications between providers
Platform as Competitive Tool - ANS Companies use platforms to create ecosystems attract
users and gain competitive advantage
Apps as Platforms - ANS Applications like Facebook or WeChat that allow other developers to
build services on top of them
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 35
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
IT Architecture - ANS A conceptual blueprint that defines how business strategy is translated
into systems including structure standards processes integration and system requirements
IT Infrastructure - ANS The actual hardware software networks and data components that
implement and support the architecture
Architecture vs Infrastructure - ANS Architecture is the design and plan of systems while
infrastructure is the physical and virtual components that execute that plan
Strategy to Architecture to Infrastructure - ANS Business strategy defines goals architecture
converts them into system design and infrastructure implements them using technology
Business Requirements - ANS Detailed functional and technical specifications derived from
business goals that define what the system must accomplish
Platform - ANS A foundation consisting of hardware operating systems or cloud environments
that allow applications to run
Application (App) - ANS Software that runs on platforms to process data perform tasks
support workflows and provide outputs
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 35
,Network - ANS The system of connections including hardware and protocols that enable
communication and data transfer between devices
Data - ANS Digital representation of facts observations or transactions used by applications
for processing and decision making
IS Strategy Matrix - ANS A framework analyzing IT components using What the system does
Who uses it and Where it is located
What (Framework) - ANS Defines the purpose or function of the technology such as
processing storing or transmitting data
Who (Framework) - ANS Identifies users managers vendors or stakeholders responsible for or
affected by the system
Where (Framework) - ANS Specifies the physical or virtual location of systems and data such
as cloud or on-premise
Centralized Architecture - ANS All systems data and processing are controlled from a single
central location such as a data center
Decentralized Architecture - ANS System processing and resources are distributed across
multiple locations or machines
Server-Based Architecture - ANS A decentralized architecture where multiple servers handle
processing storage and application hosting
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 35
,Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) - ANS An architecture that uses modular reusable
services connected via APIs to perform business functions
Software as a Service (SaaS) - ANS Software delivered over the internet by a provider
eliminating local installation and maintenance
Web Services - ANS Standardized ways for systems to communicate and exchange data over
the internet
Cloud Computing - ANS Delivery of computing services such as storage processing and
software over the internet on demand
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - ANS Cloud service providing virtualized computing
resources like servers storage and networking
Platform as a Service (PaaS) - ANS Cloud service providing a platform for developers to build
test and deploy applications
Software as a Service (SaaS Cloud) - ANS Cloud-based applications accessed via the internet
without installation
Function as a Service (FaaS) - ANS Execution of code in response to events without managing
servers
Authentication as a Service (AaaS) - ANS Cloud-based identity verification and access
management
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 35
, Zero Trust Networking (ZTN) - ANS Security model that requires verification for every user
and device before granting access
API (Application Programming Interface) - ANS A set of rules that allows different systems or
applications to communicate and share data
Utility Computing - ANS A pricing model where organizations pay only for the computing
resources they use
Capacity on Demand - ANS System ability to scale resources up or down automatically based
on usage
Virtualization - ANS Using software to simulate hardware resources allowing multiple systems
on one physical machine
Multi-Homing - ANS Using multiple competing platforms or technologies at the same time to
increase flexibility and reduce dependency
Cloud Risks - ANS Includes vendor lock-in dependency security risks and difficulty migrating
applications between providers
Platform as Competitive Tool - ANS Companies use platforms to create ecosystems attract
users and gain competitive advantage
Apps as Platforms - ANS Applications like Facebook or WeChat that allow other developers to
build services on top of them
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 35
