APHY 102 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026
Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events? - ANSWERSClosure
of the heart valves
The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to -
ANSWERSPump blood with greater pressure
What happens when the tricuspid valve is closed - ANSWERSPrevents blood from
backing into the right atrium
If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result
from? - ANSWERSDecreased delivery of oxygen
If the vagal nerves to the heart were cute, the result would be that - ANSWERSThe
heart rate would increase by about 25 bpm.
The heart would stop
Foramen Ovale - ANSWERSConnects the two atria in the fetal heart
What is the name for the sac in which the heart is found? - ANSWERSPericardium
Blood enters which of these vessels during ventricular systole? - ANSWERSAorta and
Pulmonary Veins
Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood cases what? - ANSWERSA lowering of blood
pressure due to change in cardiac output due to a decrease in blood volume
Parts of the electrical conduction system of the heart? - ANSWERSSA Node, AV Node,
Bundle of HIS, bundle branches
Select the correct statement about cardiac output - ANSWERSA slow heart rate
increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction
Isovolumetric Contraction - ANSWERSRefers to the short period during ventricular
systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers.
What would increase heart rate? - ANSWERSSympathetic
The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called -
ANSWERSHepatic Portal Circulation
, What mineral/ion is parathyroid hormone responsible for regulating? -
ANSWERSCalcium
Aldosterone will - ANSWERSreabsorb sodium
Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus target? - ANSWERSFirst enter into the
hypophyseal portal system.
The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by - ANSWERSBinding
to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP
What is the function of insulin? - ANSWERSDecrease blood glucose
Which hormones increase the metabolic rate - ANSWERSthyroid hormone
The anterior pituitary is also known as - ANSWERSadenohypophysis or pars anterior
Which of these hormones is produces by the adrenal glands -
ANSWERSMineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
Adrenal Androgens (DHEA)
Which of the following is part of the endocrine system? - ANSWERSPituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes
During fight-or-flight response, which hormone is released in large amounts -
ANSWERSCRH
The major target of the hormone TSH is the - ANSWERSThyroid gland
What hormone is related to ovum production? - ANSWERSFSH
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production - ANSWERSKidney
Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure -
ANSWERSExcess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase
Factors that aid venous return include all except - ANSWERSUrinary output
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called - ANSWERSArterioles
The hepatic portal vein - ANSWERScarries deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the
gut for processing
AND ANSWERS 2026
Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events? - ANSWERSClosure
of the heart valves
The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to -
ANSWERSPump blood with greater pressure
What happens when the tricuspid valve is closed - ANSWERSPrevents blood from
backing into the right atrium
If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result
from? - ANSWERSDecreased delivery of oxygen
If the vagal nerves to the heart were cute, the result would be that - ANSWERSThe
heart rate would increase by about 25 bpm.
The heart would stop
Foramen Ovale - ANSWERSConnects the two atria in the fetal heart
What is the name for the sac in which the heart is found? - ANSWERSPericardium
Blood enters which of these vessels during ventricular systole? - ANSWERSAorta and
Pulmonary Veins
Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood cases what? - ANSWERSA lowering of blood
pressure due to change in cardiac output due to a decrease in blood volume
Parts of the electrical conduction system of the heart? - ANSWERSSA Node, AV Node,
Bundle of HIS, bundle branches
Select the correct statement about cardiac output - ANSWERSA slow heart rate
increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction
Isovolumetric Contraction - ANSWERSRefers to the short period during ventricular
systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers.
What would increase heart rate? - ANSWERSSympathetic
The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called -
ANSWERSHepatic Portal Circulation
, What mineral/ion is parathyroid hormone responsible for regulating? -
ANSWERSCalcium
Aldosterone will - ANSWERSreabsorb sodium
Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus target? - ANSWERSFirst enter into the
hypophyseal portal system.
The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by - ANSWERSBinding
to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP
What is the function of insulin? - ANSWERSDecrease blood glucose
Which hormones increase the metabolic rate - ANSWERSthyroid hormone
The anterior pituitary is also known as - ANSWERSadenohypophysis or pars anterior
Which of these hormones is produces by the adrenal glands -
ANSWERSMineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
Adrenal Androgens (DHEA)
Which of the following is part of the endocrine system? - ANSWERSPituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes
During fight-or-flight response, which hormone is released in large amounts -
ANSWERSCRH
The major target of the hormone TSH is the - ANSWERSThyroid gland
What hormone is related to ovum production? - ANSWERSFSH
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production - ANSWERSKidney
Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure -
ANSWERSExcess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase
Factors that aid venous return include all except - ANSWERSUrinary output
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called - ANSWERSArterioles
The hepatic portal vein - ANSWERScarries deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the
gut for processing
