VEGETATION
Definition: The collective plant life covering a specific area or the Earth as a whole.
Types of Vegetation
Tropical Evergreen Forests
Region: Slopes of Western Ghats, island groups, upper Assam and coastal Tamil Nadu.
Climate: Warm and wet throughout the year, above 200 cm rainfall.
Flora and Fauna: Ebony, Mahogany, rubber, lemur, sloth, elephants, rhinoceros.
Deciduous Forests
Region: North-East India, Peninsular plateau, plains and foothills of Himalayas.
Climate: Rainfall between 100–200 cm, hot summers and cool winters.
Flora and Fauna: Teak, sal, peepal, neem, tigers, elephants, deer, birds, snakes.
Thorn Forests
Region: North-West India, parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Deccan plateau.
Climate: Hot and dry climate, rainfall less than 70 cm.
Flora and Fauna: Acacia palm, cactus, fox, wolf, rats, wild ass, lion, camels.
Montane Forests
Region: Mountainous areas of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim
and Arunachal Pradesh.
Climate: Cool in summer, very cold winters, moderate rainfall that varies with height.
Flora and Fauna: Kashmir stag, snow leopard, yak, sheep, ibex, silver firs, pines, junipers,
birches.
Mangrove Forests
Region: Delta areas of Ganga, Brahmaputra (Sunderbans), Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna,
Kaveri.
Climate: High humidity, hot summers, pleasant winters.
Flora and Fauna: Sundri trees, palm, coconut, keora, agar, royal Bengal tiger, turtles,
crocodiles, snakes.
Definition: The collective plant life covering a specific area or the Earth as a whole.
Types of Vegetation
Tropical Evergreen Forests
Region: Slopes of Western Ghats, island groups, upper Assam and coastal Tamil Nadu.
Climate: Warm and wet throughout the year, above 200 cm rainfall.
Flora and Fauna: Ebony, Mahogany, rubber, lemur, sloth, elephants, rhinoceros.
Deciduous Forests
Region: North-East India, Peninsular plateau, plains and foothills of Himalayas.
Climate: Rainfall between 100–200 cm, hot summers and cool winters.
Flora and Fauna: Teak, sal, peepal, neem, tigers, elephants, deer, birds, snakes.
Thorn Forests
Region: North-West India, parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Deccan plateau.
Climate: Hot and dry climate, rainfall less than 70 cm.
Flora and Fauna: Acacia palm, cactus, fox, wolf, rats, wild ass, lion, camels.
Montane Forests
Region: Mountainous areas of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim
and Arunachal Pradesh.
Climate: Cool in summer, very cold winters, moderate rainfall that varies with height.
Flora and Fauna: Kashmir stag, snow leopard, yak, sheep, ibex, silver firs, pines, junipers,
birches.
Mangrove Forests
Region: Delta areas of Ganga, Brahmaputra (Sunderbans), Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna,
Kaveri.
Climate: High humidity, hot summers, pleasant winters.
Flora and Fauna: Sundri trees, palm, coconut, keora, agar, royal Bengal tiger, turtles,
crocodiles, snakes.
