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N212 Pathophysiology Study Guide Exam 1
Patho physiology (Eastwick College)
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N212 Pathophysiology Study Guide
Exam 1
Focus Points:
Sinusitis
● Etiology
- Sinusitis, often called rhinosinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of one
or more of the sinuses, usually the maxillary or frontal sinus. Swelling of the mucosa can
block the drainage of secretions, which can cause a sinus infection.
- Sinusitis often occurs after rhinitis and can be associated with a deviated nasal septum,
nasal polyps, inhaled air pollutants or cocaine, facial trauma, dental infections, or loss of
immune function.
- The infection is often caused by a virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, diplococcus, and bacteroides.
Medications
Nasal decongestants, such as phenylephrine, are used to reduce swelling of the mucosa.
Client education
- Begin over-the-counter decongestant use at the first manifestation of sinusitis.
- Manifestations of rebound nasal congestion can occur if decongestants are used for more
than 3 to 4 days.
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, are used on a limited basis for a
confirmed causative bacterial pathogen.
- Pain relief medications include NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and aspirin.
Therapeutic Procedures
- Deviated septum repair
- Surgical excision of nasal polyps
● Viral vs bacterial treatments for sinusitis
The most common sinus infection are viral and account for ~90% of cases. These
viral pathogens are often caused by the common cold virus or influenza virus.
Viral infections will typically resolve on their own and DO NOT need antibiotics. Viral
infections usually resolve with a few weeks w/o antibiotics.
Nursing Interventions:
Treat the symptoms with NSAID, Saline or corticosteroid nasal sprays, decongestants, and
Downloaded by Collins ()
N212 Pathophysiology Study Guide Exam 1
Patho physiology (Eastwick College)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by Collins ()
, lOMoARcPSD|64026470
N212 Pathophysiology Study Guide
Exam 1
Focus Points:
Sinusitis
● Etiology
- Sinusitis, often called rhinosinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of one
or more of the sinuses, usually the maxillary or frontal sinus. Swelling of the mucosa can
block the drainage of secretions, which can cause a sinus infection.
- Sinusitis often occurs after rhinitis and can be associated with a deviated nasal septum,
nasal polyps, inhaled air pollutants or cocaine, facial trauma, dental infections, or loss of
immune function.
- The infection is often caused by a virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, diplococcus, and bacteroides.
Medications
Nasal decongestants, such as phenylephrine, are used to reduce swelling of the mucosa.
Client education
- Begin over-the-counter decongestant use at the first manifestation of sinusitis.
- Manifestations of rebound nasal congestion can occur if decongestants are used for more
than 3 to 4 days.
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, are used on a limited basis for a
confirmed causative bacterial pathogen.
- Pain relief medications include NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and aspirin.
Therapeutic Procedures
- Deviated septum repair
- Surgical excision of nasal polyps
● Viral vs bacterial treatments for sinusitis
The most common sinus infection are viral and account for ~90% of cases. These
viral pathogens are often caused by the common cold virus or influenza virus.
Viral infections will typically resolve on their own and DO NOT need antibiotics. Viral
infections usually resolve with a few weeks w/o antibiotics.
Nursing Interventions:
Treat the symptoms with NSAID, Saline or corticosteroid nasal sprays, decongestants, and
Downloaded by Collins ()
