ANFS251 Exam 4 With Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
Dairy cattle are ___ herbivores - (answer)ruminant
Rumen Acidosis - (answer)metabolic disease of cattle
occurs when the pH of the rumen drops to less than 5.5
Cause of Rumen Acidosis - (answer)feeding high levels of rapidly digestible carbohydrates
increased feeding of concentrates compared to forage
Symptoms of Rumen Acidosis - (answer)reduced feed intake, poor body condition and weight loss,
lethargy
Milk Fever - (answer)mainly affects dairy cows close to calving
metabolic disease caused by low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia)
When do 80% of Milk Fever cases occur? - (answer)within one day of calving
What causes Milk Fever? - (answer)milk and colostrum production drain calcium from the blood and
cow is unable to replace the calcium fast enough
___ producers are most susceptible to Milk Fever because the fall in their blood Ca level is greater -
(answer)Higher
Symptoms of Milk Fever - (answer)initial excitation and agitation with a tremor in the muscles of the
head and limbs
stagger and go into sitting position until finally flat on their side before collapse, coma, and death
Treatment of Milk Fever - (answer)oral calcium gel or boluses or calcium gluconate under the skin
,ANFS251 Exam 4 With Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
Displaced Abomasum (DA) - (answer)the abomasum becomes filled with gas and rises to the top of the
abdomen
Causes of DA - (answer)during pregnancy, the uterus displaces the abomasum, so after calving the
abomasum has to move back to its normal position - increasing the risk of displacement
Majority of cases of Da occur after ___ - (answer)calving
Symptoms of DA - (answer)loss of appetite, drop in milk yield, reduced rumination, mild diarrhea
Treatment for DA - (answer)replacing the abomasum in its proper position, can be done surgically or by
casting and rolling the animal onto its back
Prevention of DA - (answer)ensure Dry Matter intake is maintained in early lactation, cow is not too fat
at calving, high quality feeds with good quality forage are used, minimizing changes between late dry
and early lactation ration,
Ketosis - (answer)metabolic disorder, occurs in cattle when energy demands exceed energy intake -
results in a negative energy balance
Causes of Ketosis - (answer)large amounts of body fat are utilized as an energy source to support
production
Ketosis results when ketone ___ exceeds ketone utilization - (answer)production
In dairy cows, the mismatch between input and output usually occurs in ___ - (answer)the first few
weeks of lactation
Symptoms of Ketosis - (answer)reduced milk yield, weight loss, reduced appetite, acetone smell of
breath/or milk, some develop nervous signs including salivation, licking, aggression, etc.
, ANFS251 Exam 4 With Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
Treatment of Ketosis - (answer)restore glucose in the body using a quick-acting glucose supplement,
then long term supply of glucose
After calving, the cow has the potential to reach maximum efficiency in milk production - feed
requirements will exceed the voluntary ___ - (answer)intake of pasture
At ___ production, a dairy cow may require 3-10 times as much protein and energy as she required
during late gestation - (answer)peak
the cow's appetite tends to ___ behind her nutrient requirement - (answer)lag
what is the challenge of a dairy cow feeding program? - (answer)meeting the cow's nutrient needs while
minimizing body weight loss and digestive upsets
___ lags behind production - (answer)appetite
Cow reaches peak milk production 6 to 9 weeks after ___ - (answer)calving
Maximum ___ intake occurs 12 to 15 weeks postpartum - (answer)dry matter intake
Cows are in a negative energy balance for 8 to 10 weeks, why? - (answer)nutrient needs are higher than
nutrient intake
Cows in good condition often lose ___ kg of body weight during early lactation - (answer)90 - 135
after optimal dry matter intake is achieved intake ___ production requirements - (answer)follows
Dairy cattle are ___ herbivores - (answer)ruminant
Rumen Acidosis - (answer)metabolic disease of cattle
occurs when the pH of the rumen drops to less than 5.5
Cause of Rumen Acidosis - (answer)feeding high levels of rapidly digestible carbohydrates
increased feeding of concentrates compared to forage
Symptoms of Rumen Acidosis - (answer)reduced feed intake, poor body condition and weight loss,
lethargy
Milk Fever - (answer)mainly affects dairy cows close to calving
metabolic disease caused by low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia)
When do 80% of Milk Fever cases occur? - (answer)within one day of calving
What causes Milk Fever? - (answer)milk and colostrum production drain calcium from the blood and
cow is unable to replace the calcium fast enough
___ producers are most susceptible to Milk Fever because the fall in their blood Ca level is greater -
(answer)Higher
Symptoms of Milk Fever - (answer)initial excitation and agitation with a tremor in the muscles of the
head and limbs
stagger and go into sitting position until finally flat on their side before collapse, coma, and death
Treatment of Milk Fever - (answer)oral calcium gel or boluses or calcium gluconate under the skin
,ANFS251 Exam 4 With Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
Displaced Abomasum (DA) - (answer)the abomasum becomes filled with gas and rises to the top of the
abdomen
Causes of DA - (answer)during pregnancy, the uterus displaces the abomasum, so after calving the
abomasum has to move back to its normal position - increasing the risk of displacement
Majority of cases of Da occur after ___ - (answer)calving
Symptoms of DA - (answer)loss of appetite, drop in milk yield, reduced rumination, mild diarrhea
Treatment for DA - (answer)replacing the abomasum in its proper position, can be done surgically or by
casting and rolling the animal onto its back
Prevention of DA - (answer)ensure Dry Matter intake is maintained in early lactation, cow is not too fat
at calving, high quality feeds with good quality forage are used, minimizing changes between late dry
and early lactation ration,
Ketosis - (answer)metabolic disorder, occurs in cattle when energy demands exceed energy intake -
results in a negative energy balance
Causes of Ketosis - (answer)large amounts of body fat are utilized as an energy source to support
production
Ketosis results when ketone ___ exceeds ketone utilization - (answer)production
In dairy cows, the mismatch between input and output usually occurs in ___ - (answer)the first few
weeks of lactation
Symptoms of Ketosis - (answer)reduced milk yield, weight loss, reduced appetite, acetone smell of
breath/or milk, some develop nervous signs including salivation, licking, aggression, etc.
, ANFS251 Exam 4 With Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
Treatment of Ketosis - (answer)restore glucose in the body using a quick-acting glucose supplement,
then long term supply of glucose
After calving, the cow has the potential to reach maximum efficiency in milk production - feed
requirements will exceed the voluntary ___ - (answer)intake of pasture
At ___ production, a dairy cow may require 3-10 times as much protein and energy as she required
during late gestation - (answer)peak
the cow's appetite tends to ___ behind her nutrient requirement - (answer)lag
what is the challenge of a dairy cow feeding program? - (answer)meeting the cow's nutrient needs while
minimizing body weight loss and digestive upsets
___ lags behind production - (answer)appetite
Cow reaches peak milk production 6 to 9 weeks after ___ - (answer)calving
Maximum ___ intake occurs 12 to 15 weeks postpartum - (answer)dry matter intake
Cows are in a negative energy balance for 8 to 10 weeks, why? - (answer)nutrient needs are higher than
nutrient intake
Cows in good condition often lose ___ kg of body weight during early lactation - (answer)90 - 135
after optimal dry matter intake is achieved intake ___ production requirements - (answer)follows
