OCEAN 100 EXAM 2 SDSU QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What makes up the water molecule, the charges, the bond angle? - Answers - -
Electrons (-) -8 on outer shell
-Protons (+)
-Neutrons (0)
-Nucleus
-Atom
-Ions
When does a water molecule expand? - Answers - at 105 degrees
What's so peculiar about this molecule? - Answers - it's one of the few molecules that is
present on earth in 3 different ways: as a liquid, solid, and gas
The kinds of bonds in the water molecule? - Answers - covalent bonds- o atoms share 2
electrons with H atoms
The kinds of bonds connecting all the water molecules together to form liquid? -
Answers - hydrogen bonds
What do these bonds lead to? - Answers - hold the molecules together and take a lot of
energy
Why is water a polar molecule? - Answers - because it behaves like an electromagnet
What do we call water as a result of this? - Answers - universal solvent because it
dissolves substances
What happens to Salt in water? - Answers - it dissolves
What are the three phases of water? - Answers - Ice- molecules locked in place
Liquid- most molecules are connected
Gas- independent molecules
How does each phase change? - Answers - -Water changes to ice when heats removed
-Ice changes to water when you add heat
-Water changes to gas when you add heat
What is the heat capacity of water? - Answers - very high because oceans absorb and
release huge amounts of heat with little change in temperature
, What are the thermal properties of water? - Answers - phases of water, temperature,
salinity, density
What is the heat capacity of sand? - Answers - lower heat capacity because it takes
less heat to raise it's temperature
What is the ocean's influence on coastal climates? - Answers - oceans moderate the
temperature along the coasts making it much cooler than inland
How does salinity and temperature affect density? - Answers - -when S increases, D
increases
-when T decreases, D increases
What is density? - Answers - mass per unit volume (D=M/V)
What happens to cold, salty waters? - Answers - It's denser from the salt and it also
contracts because it's cold so it's even denser
What happens to warm, brackish water? - Answers - thermal expansion becomes less
dense
What does water do at the poles? - Answers - it constricts and contracts because it's
colder at the poles
What happens to water at the equator? - Answers - expands because of the heat
What's the temperature of the max density of water? - Answers - 4 degrees C (1
g/cm^3)
How does density of water change with freezing? - Answers - density decreases
Why does ice float on water? - Answers - because ice is less dense than liquid water
What is salinity? - Answers - total amount of dissolved solid ions in water
What are the most common ions? - Answers - salt
What's the average salinity in the world's oceans? - Answers - 3.5%
What are the most abundant salt ions? (CSSMCP) - Answers - -chloride
-sodium
-sulphate
-magnesium
-calcium
-potassium
ANSWERS
What makes up the water molecule, the charges, the bond angle? - Answers - -
Electrons (-) -8 on outer shell
-Protons (+)
-Neutrons (0)
-Nucleus
-Atom
-Ions
When does a water molecule expand? - Answers - at 105 degrees
What's so peculiar about this molecule? - Answers - it's one of the few molecules that is
present on earth in 3 different ways: as a liquid, solid, and gas
The kinds of bonds in the water molecule? - Answers - covalent bonds- o atoms share 2
electrons with H atoms
The kinds of bonds connecting all the water molecules together to form liquid? -
Answers - hydrogen bonds
What do these bonds lead to? - Answers - hold the molecules together and take a lot of
energy
Why is water a polar molecule? - Answers - because it behaves like an electromagnet
What do we call water as a result of this? - Answers - universal solvent because it
dissolves substances
What happens to Salt in water? - Answers - it dissolves
What are the three phases of water? - Answers - Ice- molecules locked in place
Liquid- most molecules are connected
Gas- independent molecules
How does each phase change? - Answers - -Water changes to ice when heats removed
-Ice changes to water when you add heat
-Water changes to gas when you add heat
What is the heat capacity of water? - Answers - very high because oceans absorb and
release huge amounts of heat with little change in temperature
, What are the thermal properties of water? - Answers - phases of water, temperature,
salinity, density
What is the heat capacity of sand? - Answers - lower heat capacity because it takes
less heat to raise it's temperature
What is the ocean's influence on coastal climates? - Answers - oceans moderate the
temperature along the coasts making it much cooler than inland
How does salinity and temperature affect density? - Answers - -when S increases, D
increases
-when T decreases, D increases
What is density? - Answers - mass per unit volume (D=M/V)
What happens to cold, salty waters? - Answers - It's denser from the salt and it also
contracts because it's cold so it's even denser
What happens to warm, brackish water? - Answers - thermal expansion becomes less
dense
What does water do at the poles? - Answers - it constricts and contracts because it's
colder at the poles
What happens to water at the equator? - Answers - expands because of the heat
What's the temperature of the max density of water? - Answers - 4 degrees C (1
g/cm^3)
How does density of water change with freezing? - Answers - density decreases
Why does ice float on water? - Answers - because ice is less dense than liquid water
What is salinity? - Answers - total amount of dissolved solid ions in water
What are the most common ions? - Answers - salt
What's the average salinity in the world's oceans? - Answers - 3.5%
What are the most abundant salt ions? (CSSMCP) - Answers - -chloride
-sodium
-sulphate
-magnesium
-calcium
-potassium
