PGY 451 PRACTICE RENAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
An increase in renal plasma flow without an increase in GFR is likely compensated for
by:
A. Constriction of AA
B. Constriction of the EA
C. Relaxation of the AA
D. Increase of FF - Answers - a
An increase in renal plasma flow without an increase in GFR will likely result in:
A. Diuresis
B. Antidiuresis
C. Antinatriuresis
D. No change of urine output - Answers - a
Increased fractional excretion of a molecule without a change in GFR or it's plasma
concentration is likely due to:
A. Increased filtered amounts of this molecule
B. Decreased filtered amounts of this molecule
C. Decreased renal epithelial absorption of this molecule
D. Increased renal epithelial absorption of this molecule - Answers - c
If the concentration of water in urine is the same as that inside cells in our body, the free
water clearance of that urine is said to be:
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. Cannot be determined - Answers - c
Diuretics increase the amounts of water and sodium in urine. What can be said about
their effect on renal oxygen consumption?
A. They decrease oxygen consumption
B. They increase oxygen consumption
C. They do not change oxygen consumption because they do not affect GFR - Answers
-a
The clearance of creatinine is found to decrease at the same time the clearance of
glucose is increased from a zero value. What can be said about the physiology of this
individual?
, A. They have an increase of glomerular filtration rate, and glomerular glucose
permeability
B. They have a decrease of glomerular filtration rate, and glomerular glucose
permeability
C. They have an increase of glomerular filtration rate, and are diabetic
D. They have a decrease of glomerular filtration rate, and are diabetic. - Answers - d
When compared to plasma, the luminal concentration of which molecule exhibits the
largest increase at the end of the proximal tubule?
A. Urea
B. PAH
C. Inulin
D. Water
E. Sodium - Answers - b
In extreme temperatures (hot or cold externally) excessive sweat or respiratory water
losses can reach more than 500ml/Day. Such losses are expected to:
a. Stimulate renal plasma flow
b. Stimulate renal blood flow
c. Stimulate renin angiotensin system
d. Stimulate atrial natriuretic peptide - Answers - c
In secretory diarrhea water loses by the GI tract can exceed intake. Assuming these
loses are nearly isotonic which of the following responses is (are) true:
a. Shift of fluid from the ICF to ECF
b. Decrease of RPF
c. Stimulation of the renin angiotensin system
d. All of the above - Answers - d
An increase in the excretion of which of the following molecules/mechanism would not
correlate with an increase of renal oxygen consumption:
a. Sodium in response to increased renal plasma flow
b. Sodium in response to increased intake
c. Ethanol in response to increased renal plasma flow
d. Ethanol in response to increased intake - Answers - d
An increase of dietary sodium intake from 100 to 200 mMoles/Day will cause the
following:
a. Decrease of GFR
b. Decrease of the amounts of sodium absorbed in the proximal tubule
c. Decrease of the amounts of sodium entering the nephron
d. Decrease of the amounts of sodium in the renal vein as compared to the renal artery
- Answers - d
VERIFIED ANSWERS
An increase in renal plasma flow without an increase in GFR is likely compensated for
by:
A. Constriction of AA
B. Constriction of the EA
C. Relaxation of the AA
D. Increase of FF - Answers - a
An increase in renal plasma flow without an increase in GFR will likely result in:
A. Diuresis
B. Antidiuresis
C. Antinatriuresis
D. No change of urine output - Answers - a
Increased fractional excretion of a molecule without a change in GFR or it's plasma
concentration is likely due to:
A. Increased filtered amounts of this molecule
B. Decreased filtered amounts of this molecule
C. Decreased renal epithelial absorption of this molecule
D. Increased renal epithelial absorption of this molecule - Answers - c
If the concentration of water in urine is the same as that inside cells in our body, the free
water clearance of that urine is said to be:
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. Cannot be determined - Answers - c
Diuretics increase the amounts of water and sodium in urine. What can be said about
their effect on renal oxygen consumption?
A. They decrease oxygen consumption
B. They increase oxygen consumption
C. They do not change oxygen consumption because they do not affect GFR - Answers
-a
The clearance of creatinine is found to decrease at the same time the clearance of
glucose is increased from a zero value. What can be said about the physiology of this
individual?
, A. They have an increase of glomerular filtration rate, and glomerular glucose
permeability
B. They have a decrease of glomerular filtration rate, and glomerular glucose
permeability
C. They have an increase of glomerular filtration rate, and are diabetic
D. They have a decrease of glomerular filtration rate, and are diabetic. - Answers - d
When compared to plasma, the luminal concentration of which molecule exhibits the
largest increase at the end of the proximal tubule?
A. Urea
B. PAH
C. Inulin
D. Water
E. Sodium - Answers - b
In extreme temperatures (hot or cold externally) excessive sweat or respiratory water
losses can reach more than 500ml/Day. Such losses are expected to:
a. Stimulate renal plasma flow
b. Stimulate renal blood flow
c. Stimulate renin angiotensin system
d. Stimulate atrial natriuretic peptide - Answers - c
In secretory diarrhea water loses by the GI tract can exceed intake. Assuming these
loses are nearly isotonic which of the following responses is (are) true:
a. Shift of fluid from the ICF to ECF
b. Decrease of RPF
c. Stimulation of the renin angiotensin system
d. All of the above - Answers - d
An increase in the excretion of which of the following molecules/mechanism would not
correlate with an increase of renal oxygen consumption:
a. Sodium in response to increased renal plasma flow
b. Sodium in response to increased intake
c. Ethanol in response to increased renal plasma flow
d. Ethanol in response to increased intake - Answers - d
An increase of dietary sodium intake from 100 to 200 mMoles/Day will cause the
following:
a. Decrease of GFR
b. Decrease of the amounts of sodium absorbed in the proximal tubule
c. Decrease of the amounts of sodium entering the nephron
d. Decrease of the amounts of sodium in the renal vein as compared to the renal artery
- Answers - d
