BIOS 255 Anatomy & Physiology III
Exam 3 (Latest Update )
Anatomy and Physiology IV with Lab |
Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for
filtration?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into the nephron
tubule.
2. Which segment of the nephron is mainly responsible for water
reabsorption?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Distal convoluted tubule
,Correct Answer: B. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Most water and solutes are reabsorbed in the proximal
tubule.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
duct?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. ANP
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. ADH
Rationale: ADH inserts aquaporins into collecting duct to conserve
water.
4. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. ANP
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal tubules and collecting ducts to
conserve Na+.
5. Which hormone promotes sodium excretion to reduce blood
pressure?
,A. ANP
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. ANP
Rationale: Atrial natriuretic peptide increases sodium and water
excretion.
6. Which structure of the nephron establishes the medullary
osmotic gradient?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient for
water reabsorption.
7. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for
secretion of ions and drugs?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Glomerulus
, Correct Answer: A. Distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Secretes K+, H+, and certain drugs for excretion.
8. Which structure collects urine from multiple nephrons?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Loop of Henle
Correct Answer: A. Collecting duct
Rationale: Collecting ducts receive filtrate from multiple nephrons.
9. Which hormone regulates red blood cell production?
A. Erythropoietin
B. ADH
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. Erythropoietin
Rationale: Released from kidneys in response to hypoxia.
10. Which ion’s reabsorption is directly stimulated by
aldosterone?
A. Sodium (Na⁺)
B. Potassium (K⁺)
C. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
D. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
Exam 3 (Latest Update )
Anatomy and Physiology IV with Lab |
Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for
filtration?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into the nephron
tubule.
2. Which segment of the nephron is mainly responsible for water
reabsorption?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Distal convoluted tubule
,Correct Answer: B. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Most water and solutes are reabsorbed in the proximal
tubule.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
duct?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. ANP
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. ADH
Rationale: ADH inserts aquaporins into collecting duct to conserve
water.
4. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. ANP
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Aldosterone acts on distal tubules and collecting ducts to
conserve Na+.
5. Which hormone promotes sodium excretion to reduce blood
pressure?
,A. ANP
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. ANP
Rationale: Atrial natriuretic peptide increases sodium and water
excretion.
6. Which structure of the nephron establishes the medullary
osmotic gradient?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient for
water reabsorption.
7. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for
secretion of ions and drugs?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Glomerulus
, Correct Answer: A. Distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Secretes K+, H+, and certain drugs for excretion.
8. Which structure collects urine from multiple nephrons?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. Loop of Henle
Correct Answer: A. Collecting duct
Rationale: Collecting ducts receive filtrate from multiple nephrons.
9. Which hormone regulates red blood cell production?
A. Erythropoietin
B. ADH
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: A. Erythropoietin
Rationale: Released from kidneys in response to hypoxia.
10. Which ion’s reabsorption is directly stimulated by
aldosterone?
A. Sodium (Na⁺)
B. Potassium (K⁺)
C. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
D. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
