CHEM134 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
instantaneous dipole Ans✓✓✓ a temporary change in charge
distribution
volatility Ans✓✓✓ substance's tendency to vaporize
frequency factor (in the Arrhenius Equation) Ans✓✓✓ Number of times
the reactants approach the activation barrier per unit time
elementary step Ans✓✓✓ A step within the reaction mechanism, which
cannot be broken down into smaller steps. The molecularity of the step
can be linked to a rate law (i.e. first order, second order, zero order)
catalyst Ans✓✓✓ substance that increases the rate of reaction without
being consumed
what does the equilibrium constant represent Ans✓✓✓ the relationship
between products and reactants of a reaction at equilibrium
amphoteric substances Ans✓✓✓ Substances that can react as both acids
and bases, such as H20 and NH3
strong acids Ans✓✓✓ HCl, HBr, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4
, weak acids Ans✓✓✓ carboxylic acids, acetic acid, hydrofluoric acid
strong bases Ans✓✓✓ NaOH, KOH
weak bases Ans✓✓✓ NH3, amines (anything with NH2)
functional group Ans✓✓✓ group of atoms within a molecule having
characteristic chemical behavior
alkanes Ans✓✓✓ saturated, single bonds
alkenes Ans✓✓✓ have unsaturated, double bonds
alkynes Ans✓✓✓ have unsaturated, triple bonds
arenes Ans✓✓✓ have alternating double/single bonds, often in an
"aromatic ring"
benzene is an example
alcohol Ans✓✓✓ carbon atom bonded to oxygen of hydroxyl group (-
OH)
instantaneous dipole Ans✓✓✓ a temporary change in charge
distribution
volatility Ans✓✓✓ substance's tendency to vaporize
frequency factor (in the Arrhenius Equation) Ans✓✓✓ Number of times
the reactants approach the activation barrier per unit time
elementary step Ans✓✓✓ A step within the reaction mechanism, which
cannot be broken down into smaller steps. The molecularity of the step
can be linked to a rate law (i.e. first order, second order, zero order)
catalyst Ans✓✓✓ substance that increases the rate of reaction without
being consumed
what does the equilibrium constant represent Ans✓✓✓ the relationship
between products and reactants of a reaction at equilibrium
amphoteric substances Ans✓✓✓ Substances that can react as both acids
and bases, such as H20 and NH3
strong acids Ans✓✓✓ HCl, HBr, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4
, weak acids Ans✓✓✓ carboxylic acids, acetic acid, hydrofluoric acid
strong bases Ans✓✓✓ NaOH, KOH
weak bases Ans✓✓✓ NH3, amines (anything with NH2)
functional group Ans✓✓✓ group of atoms within a molecule having
characteristic chemical behavior
alkanes Ans✓✓✓ saturated, single bonds
alkenes Ans✓✓✓ have unsaturated, double bonds
alkynes Ans✓✓✓ have unsaturated, triple bonds
arenes Ans✓✓✓ have alternating double/single bonds, often in an
"aromatic ring"
benzene is an example
alcohol Ans✓✓✓ carbon atom bonded to oxygen of hydroxyl group (-
OH)
