BIO 148 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
All living things are made up of MANY cells? - Correct Answers -false
What is TRUE about cells? - Correct Answers -Not all cells are the same size and
shape, and not all living things are made up of many cells
Tardigrades, also called water bears, are microscopic segmented
animals with eight legs. They are normally about 70 percent body
water, but they can survive extreme dehydration (to just a few percent
body water) for up to 10 years! After a decade you can add water and
the tardigrades will start swimming around. You enter a lab and your
new boss gives you five dehydrated tardigrades and asks you to
demonstrate that the tardigrades are alive in their dehydrated state.
How would you demonstrate this? - Correct Answers -Record their energy use, because
all living organisms acquire and use energy
Which of the following is/are TRUE about all living things? - Correct Answers -All living
things make proteins using ribosomes
How many of these statements are true? (Choose a number)
All prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane.
All prokaryotic cells contain DNA and RNA.
All currently living prokaryotic cells came from other cells.
Prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes
Prokaryotic cells use the same genetic code as humans - Correct Answers -5, all of
them
In biology, "fitness" is defined as the relative ability of an individual to
survive long enough to produce viable, fertile offspring (pass on its
genes) in a given environment relative to others of the same species.
According to this definition, which of the following is the most fit? - Correct Answers -A
beetle who reproduces once, has 10 surviving, fertile offspring, then dies
According to the biological definition of evolution, an individual can evolve. - Correct
Answers -false
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all living things? - Correct Answers -
They are composed of one or more cells AND they contain ribosomes
,What statement is TRUE about cells on Earth today? - Correct Answers -All cells come
from pre-existing cells.
A eukaryotic organism.... - Correct Answers -possess membrane bound organelles AND
uses the same type of genetic material as prokaryotes
A population is a group of individuals of the same species. According to the theory of
natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population when a change occurs in its
environment (for example, the amount of rainfall decreases or the temperature
increases)? - Correct Answers -The individuals that have traits better suited to the
changed environment would be more likely to survive and reproduce than those with
less suitable traits.
What does it mean to say that a characteristic of an individual organism is heritable? -
Correct Answers -The characteristic can be passed on to offspring
Refer to the following description of moths shown in the image. Based on this
information, which of the following would be predicted if trees became covered in soot,
which makes tree bark darker in color? - Correct Answers -darker colored moths
increase in frequency
Refer to the description of moths in the image below. Based on this information, which
of the following would be predicted if all predators of the moths died and the trees
became covered in lichens (which makes the bark lighter in color)? - Correct Answers -
no change in the moth population ratio
Evolutionary change occurs in_______________. Natural selection acts on
__________. When natural selection occurs, the genetic characteristics of a _________
change(s) over time. - Correct Answers -populations, individual organisms; population
In the "Boars with personality" worksheet from class, you learned that boar aggression
varies in the population and that female boars with low aggression scores have, on
average, more offspring per year than those with high aggression scores. Which of the
following do you need to know to determine if evolution by natural selection will occur in
this population with regard to the trait of aggression? Choose ALL that apply - Correct
, Answers -the environment that the boars live in and if aggression is a heritable trait in
this boar population
In which of the following situations is evolution by natural selection most likely to occur?
- Correct Answers -A population of mountain gorillas in which individuals with genes for
long hair survive the cold better
One individual in a population fathers more offspring than all the other males in that
population. Which statement best describes this situation? - Correct Answers -That
male has a greater fitness than the other males
The variation natural selection operates on is due to random mutations. Which of the
following statements about natural selection is TRUE? - Correct Answers -Natural
selection is a directed (non-random) process—the likelihood one variant will be favored
in a given environment over another is predictable, even if the origin of the variation is
not.
Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which of the following groups has a bony
skeleton? - Correct Answers -Ray finned fish and amphibians
Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which is more closely related to crocodiles:
amphibians, rabbits or birds? - Correct Answers -crocodiles are more closely related to
birds
Today's prokaryotes and their MRCA are a clade. - Correct Answers -false
ANSWERS
All living things are made up of MANY cells? - Correct Answers -false
What is TRUE about cells? - Correct Answers -Not all cells are the same size and
shape, and not all living things are made up of many cells
Tardigrades, also called water bears, are microscopic segmented
animals with eight legs. They are normally about 70 percent body
water, but they can survive extreme dehydration (to just a few percent
body water) for up to 10 years! After a decade you can add water and
the tardigrades will start swimming around. You enter a lab and your
new boss gives you five dehydrated tardigrades and asks you to
demonstrate that the tardigrades are alive in their dehydrated state.
How would you demonstrate this? - Correct Answers -Record their energy use, because
all living organisms acquire and use energy
Which of the following is/are TRUE about all living things? - Correct Answers -All living
things make proteins using ribosomes
How many of these statements are true? (Choose a number)
All prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane.
All prokaryotic cells contain DNA and RNA.
All currently living prokaryotic cells came from other cells.
Prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes
Prokaryotic cells use the same genetic code as humans - Correct Answers -5, all of
them
In biology, "fitness" is defined as the relative ability of an individual to
survive long enough to produce viable, fertile offspring (pass on its
genes) in a given environment relative to others of the same species.
According to this definition, which of the following is the most fit? - Correct Answers -A
beetle who reproduces once, has 10 surviving, fertile offspring, then dies
According to the biological definition of evolution, an individual can evolve. - Correct
Answers -false
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all living things? - Correct Answers -
They are composed of one or more cells AND they contain ribosomes
,What statement is TRUE about cells on Earth today? - Correct Answers -All cells come
from pre-existing cells.
A eukaryotic organism.... - Correct Answers -possess membrane bound organelles AND
uses the same type of genetic material as prokaryotes
A population is a group of individuals of the same species. According to the theory of
natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population when a change occurs in its
environment (for example, the amount of rainfall decreases or the temperature
increases)? - Correct Answers -The individuals that have traits better suited to the
changed environment would be more likely to survive and reproduce than those with
less suitable traits.
What does it mean to say that a characteristic of an individual organism is heritable? -
Correct Answers -The characteristic can be passed on to offspring
Refer to the following description of moths shown in the image. Based on this
information, which of the following would be predicted if trees became covered in soot,
which makes tree bark darker in color? - Correct Answers -darker colored moths
increase in frequency
Refer to the description of moths in the image below. Based on this information, which
of the following would be predicted if all predators of the moths died and the trees
became covered in lichens (which makes the bark lighter in color)? - Correct Answers -
no change in the moth population ratio
Evolutionary change occurs in_______________. Natural selection acts on
__________. When natural selection occurs, the genetic characteristics of a _________
change(s) over time. - Correct Answers -populations, individual organisms; population
In the "Boars with personality" worksheet from class, you learned that boar aggression
varies in the population and that female boars with low aggression scores have, on
average, more offspring per year than those with high aggression scores. Which of the
following do you need to know to determine if evolution by natural selection will occur in
this population with regard to the trait of aggression? Choose ALL that apply - Correct
, Answers -the environment that the boars live in and if aggression is a heritable trait in
this boar population
In which of the following situations is evolution by natural selection most likely to occur?
- Correct Answers -A population of mountain gorillas in which individuals with genes for
long hair survive the cold better
One individual in a population fathers more offspring than all the other males in that
population. Which statement best describes this situation? - Correct Answers -That
male has a greater fitness than the other males
The variation natural selection operates on is due to random mutations. Which of the
following statements about natural selection is TRUE? - Correct Answers -Natural
selection is a directed (non-random) process—the likelihood one variant will be favored
in a given environment over another is predictable, even if the origin of the variation is
not.
Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which of the following groups has a bony
skeleton? - Correct Answers -Ray finned fish and amphibians
Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which is more closely related to crocodiles:
amphibians, rabbits or birds? - Correct Answers -crocodiles are more closely related to
birds
Today's prokaryotes and their MRCA are a clade. - Correct Answers -false
