BIO 148 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BIO 148 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS



Each DNA molecule is composed of ____ (number), _______________ (orientation)
and ___________ (base sequence) strands of nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWERS
✅✅ -2, antiparallel, complementary

The nucleotides in one strand of DNA are held together by _________ bonds called
____________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Covalent, phosphodiester
bonds

A:T base pairs have _________________ bonds, whereas G:C base pairs have
____________________ bonds. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -2 hydrogen, 3
hydrogen

Chargaff's rules indicate that the % A + % G in a DNA molecule should = _____ % of
the bases in that DNA. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -50

Which of the following is a beneficial role that your gut microbiome plays in your health?
-A.) Helps you digest food
-B.) Produces certain vitamins
-C.) Stimulates mucus secretion in your intestine
-D.) Occupy niches, preventing pathogenic microbes from growing - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅✅ --All of the choices are correct
-A.) Helps you digest food
-B.) Produces certain vitamins
-C.) Stimulates mucus secretion in your intestine
-D.) Occupy niches, preventing pathogenic microbes from growing

When wolves were absent from Yellowstone National Park, the number of hawks
__________________. Hawks in this ecosystem are ___________________. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Decrease, consumers

Gram positive bacteria have ____________ layers of peptidoglycan and are often
treated with drugs that target ___________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -
Large, cell wall synthesis (like penicillin)

All producers in ecosystems are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Autotrophs

, The first animal evolved from a ____________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Protist

Which of the following is evidence for common descent in the theory of evolution by
natural selection?
-A.) The rare occurrence of tails in humans
-B.) The occurrence of tiny, non-functional hip bones in whales
-C.) Fossils of dinosaurs with feathers showing the close relationship between birds and
reptiles - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ --All of the above
-A.) The rare occurrence of tails in humans
-B.) The occurrence of tiny, non-functional hip bones in whales
-C.) Fossils of dinosaurs with feathers showing the close relationship between birds and
reptiles

Crabs typically have reduced tails. However, a single crab is born with a tail that looks
very much like a tail found in lobsters. This would be an example of _____________. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -A vestigial trait

A river changed course and split one population into two. If the two populations become
different species as defined by the biological species concept, what must have
happened after the population was split in two? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -They
became reproductively isolated from each other

Rising sea levels flood an island such that only the tops of the mountains are now
above sea level. A large population of birds is now divided into multiple populations on
each of the newly formed islands. The birds cannot fly across the sea between islands.
Warming temperatures maintain the sea levels for thousands of years causing the bird
populations to become separate species. This is best described as... - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅✅ --Isolation by vicariance
-Physical splitting of habitat

A highway is built through a forest, splitting a deer population into two populations.
Which of the following must occur if these two populations are going to evolve into
different deer species?
-A.) Gene flow must occur between the two populations.
-B.) Genetic drift must occur in one population but not the other.
-C.) Mutations must occur in one population but not the other.
-D.) The two populations must become reproductively isolated from each other. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ --D.) The two populations must become reproductively
isolated from each other.

Which of the following are multicellular heterotrophs?
-A.) All bacteria
-B.) Some fungi