BIO 148 PRACTICE EXAM 1
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
You are studying a sample of water from another planet to determine if it contains living
organisms. Which of the following results would cause you to say that it DOES NOT
contain life according to the definition on earth? - Correct Answers -It does not contain
cell(s).
When some __________ survive and reproduce more successfully than others, the
genetic characteristics of ________ change over time - Correct Answers -individuals,
populations
Which of the following is true regarding adaptations? - Correct Answers -They are traits
with a genetic basis that are passed from one generation to the next
Within a forest, a changing climate has allowed an overabundance of moss to grow. As
a result, green tree frogs are now more camouflaged from predators compared to brown
tree frogs. Which of the following statements is true in regard to how this population
might change as a result? - Correct Answers -The green tree frogs will increase in
frequency in future generations due to natural selection.
5. Which of the following individuals is most fit in the evolutionary sense of the term? -
Correct Answers -An 80 year old with dementia who has ten fertile children.
The graph to the right is based on measurements of individual Ecologicus hypotheticus
(a hypothetical mouse) from a single population. Based on this information only, what
conclusions can you draw? - Correct Answers -Body size influences fitness in this
population
Certain algae typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structures similar
to stems, leaves, and roots. Each adult organism consists of just a single cell, however.
Which of the following statements is true? - Correct Answers -The existence of these
algae is consistent with the cell theory.
Which of the following about prokaryotes is TRUE? - Correct Answers -All prokaryotes
possess ribosomes
,You are trying to describe a new type of prokaryote that stains purple when gram
stained. Which of the following could you have identified? - Correct Answers -gram
positive bacteria
Your professor gives you an organism to study. You determine that the organism
contains DNA and ribosomes, has a plasma membrane, and can reproduce asexually.
To which group could this organism belong? - Correct Answers -The organism could
belong to any of the above groups
Which of the following groups, along with their most recent common ancestor, would
constitute a clade? - Correct Answers -Eukarya
The theory of endosymbiosis predicts that both mitochondria and chloroplasts originated
from a eukaryotic ancestor engulfing a prokaryote. Which of the following is NOT a
piece of evidence that supports this? - Correct Answers -Both chloroplasts and
mitochondria have linear genomes, just like the bacteria they are predicted to have
originated from.
Which of the following evolved from the plasma membrane of cyanobacteria? - Correct
Answers -The inner membrane of the chloroplast
The organelle indicated by the arrow in the figure at right was most probably evolved
from: - Correct Answers -infoldings of the plasma membrane
Which of the following statements about protists is FALSE? - Correct Answers -They
are a monophyletic group
A feature that evolved in the common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya is - Correct
Answers -More complex transcription and translation machinery
The smallest clade that includes Bacteria and Archaea would also include: - Correct
Answers -Protists, Animals, and Fungi
Which feature is common to ALL animals and ALL fungi? - Correct Answers -
heterotrophy
Fungal infections in humans can be difficult to treat. Why might this be the case? -
Correct Answers -Fungi are more closely related to animals, so drugs that target their
enzymes and cells are also likely to damage humans
Which of the following is NOT a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? -
Correct Answers -Eukaryotes have ribosomes; prokaryotes do not
Which of the following was NOT present in the most recent common ancestor of
Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya? - Correct Answers -endoplasmic reticulum
, You discover a multicellular organism. Its cells have a single circular chromosome,
plasmids, mitochondria, and a cell wall without peptidoglycan. Its DNA is not contained
inside a nucleus. How would you categorize this organism? - Correct Answers -None of
the above
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA molecule, which result would be
consistent with Chargaff's rules? - Correct Answers -A + G = C + T
If the pentagon on the right represents the sugar component of the DNA backbone,
where would you expect the next nucleotide to attach if you know the nitrogenous base
is attached to position 1? - Correct Answers -position 3
What type of bond is formed when a nucleotide is attached to the backbone of a
growing DNA chain? - Correct Answers -Phosphodiester bond
. What chemical groups would you expect to find in the DNA backbone? - Correct
Answers -deoxyribose sugars, and phosphate groups
Species A has different heritable traits than Species B. What feature of DNA differs
between Species A and Species B that allows it to carry different heritable information?
- Correct Answers -the sequences of the bases in the DNA molecules are different
Which of the following mistakes during DNA replication could cause a mutation (a
change in the DNA sequence)? - Correct Answers -A nucleotide containing adenine is
paired with a nucleotide containing cytosine.
A nucleotide containing guanine is paired with a nucleotide containing thymine.
A nucleotide containing cytosine is paired with a nucleotide containing thymine.
A nucleotide containing adenine is paired with a nucleotide containing guanine.
Which model(s) of DNA replication were consistent with the band pattern in the tube in
Generation 1? - Correct Answers -Dispersive and Semiconservative
What would Meselson and Stahl have observed in the tube after TWO rounds of DNA
replication (Generation 2) if the conservative model was true? - Correct Answers -¼ of
the DNA molecules would be radioactive, and ¾ of the DNA molecules would be
nonradioactive
What would Meselson and Stahl have observed in the tube after ONE round of DNA
replication (Generation 1) under the semiconservative model? - Correct Answers -Each
DNA molecule would consist of one radioactive strand and one non-radioactive strand
A cell has 6 chromosomes in G1 phase. How many DNA molecules are in the cell
during G1 phase? - Correct Answers -6
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
You are studying a sample of water from another planet to determine if it contains living
organisms. Which of the following results would cause you to say that it DOES NOT
contain life according to the definition on earth? - Correct Answers -It does not contain
cell(s).
When some __________ survive and reproduce more successfully than others, the
genetic characteristics of ________ change over time - Correct Answers -individuals,
populations
Which of the following is true regarding adaptations? - Correct Answers -They are traits
with a genetic basis that are passed from one generation to the next
Within a forest, a changing climate has allowed an overabundance of moss to grow. As
a result, green tree frogs are now more camouflaged from predators compared to brown
tree frogs. Which of the following statements is true in regard to how this population
might change as a result? - Correct Answers -The green tree frogs will increase in
frequency in future generations due to natural selection.
5. Which of the following individuals is most fit in the evolutionary sense of the term? -
Correct Answers -An 80 year old with dementia who has ten fertile children.
The graph to the right is based on measurements of individual Ecologicus hypotheticus
(a hypothetical mouse) from a single population. Based on this information only, what
conclusions can you draw? - Correct Answers -Body size influences fitness in this
population
Certain algae typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structures similar
to stems, leaves, and roots. Each adult organism consists of just a single cell, however.
Which of the following statements is true? - Correct Answers -The existence of these
algae is consistent with the cell theory.
Which of the following about prokaryotes is TRUE? - Correct Answers -All prokaryotes
possess ribosomes
,You are trying to describe a new type of prokaryote that stains purple when gram
stained. Which of the following could you have identified? - Correct Answers -gram
positive bacteria
Your professor gives you an organism to study. You determine that the organism
contains DNA and ribosomes, has a plasma membrane, and can reproduce asexually.
To which group could this organism belong? - Correct Answers -The organism could
belong to any of the above groups
Which of the following groups, along with their most recent common ancestor, would
constitute a clade? - Correct Answers -Eukarya
The theory of endosymbiosis predicts that both mitochondria and chloroplasts originated
from a eukaryotic ancestor engulfing a prokaryote. Which of the following is NOT a
piece of evidence that supports this? - Correct Answers -Both chloroplasts and
mitochondria have linear genomes, just like the bacteria they are predicted to have
originated from.
Which of the following evolved from the plasma membrane of cyanobacteria? - Correct
Answers -The inner membrane of the chloroplast
The organelle indicated by the arrow in the figure at right was most probably evolved
from: - Correct Answers -infoldings of the plasma membrane
Which of the following statements about protists is FALSE? - Correct Answers -They
are a monophyletic group
A feature that evolved in the common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya is - Correct
Answers -More complex transcription and translation machinery
The smallest clade that includes Bacteria and Archaea would also include: - Correct
Answers -Protists, Animals, and Fungi
Which feature is common to ALL animals and ALL fungi? - Correct Answers -
heterotrophy
Fungal infections in humans can be difficult to treat. Why might this be the case? -
Correct Answers -Fungi are more closely related to animals, so drugs that target their
enzymes and cells are also likely to damage humans
Which of the following is NOT a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? -
Correct Answers -Eukaryotes have ribosomes; prokaryotes do not
Which of the following was NOT present in the most recent common ancestor of
Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya? - Correct Answers -endoplasmic reticulum
, You discover a multicellular organism. Its cells have a single circular chromosome,
plasmids, mitochondria, and a cell wall without peptidoglycan. Its DNA is not contained
inside a nucleus. How would you categorize this organism? - Correct Answers -None of
the above
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA molecule, which result would be
consistent with Chargaff's rules? - Correct Answers -A + G = C + T
If the pentagon on the right represents the sugar component of the DNA backbone,
where would you expect the next nucleotide to attach if you know the nitrogenous base
is attached to position 1? - Correct Answers -position 3
What type of bond is formed when a nucleotide is attached to the backbone of a
growing DNA chain? - Correct Answers -Phosphodiester bond
. What chemical groups would you expect to find in the DNA backbone? - Correct
Answers -deoxyribose sugars, and phosphate groups
Species A has different heritable traits than Species B. What feature of DNA differs
between Species A and Species B that allows it to carry different heritable information?
- Correct Answers -the sequences of the bases in the DNA molecules are different
Which of the following mistakes during DNA replication could cause a mutation (a
change in the DNA sequence)? - Correct Answers -A nucleotide containing adenine is
paired with a nucleotide containing cytosine.
A nucleotide containing guanine is paired with a nucleotide containing thymine.
A nucleotide containing cytosine is paired with a nucleotide containing thymine.
A nucleotide containing adenine is paired with a nucleotide containing guanine.
Which model(s) of DNA replication were consistent with the band pattern in the tube in
Generation 1? - Correct Answers -Dispersive and Semiconservative
What would Meselson and Stahl have observed in the tube after TWO rounds of DNA
replication (Generation 2) if the conservative model was true? - Correct Answers -¼ of
the DNA molecules would be radioactive, and ¾ of the DNA molecules would be
nonradioactive
What would Meselson and Stahl have observed in the tube after ONE round of DNA
replication (Generation 1) under the semiconservative model? - Correct Answers -Each
DNA molecule would consist of one radioactive strand and one non-radioactive strand
A cell has 6 chromosomes in G1 phase. How many DNA molecules are in the cell
during G1 phase? - Correct Answers -6
