BIO 148 EXAM 4 (FINAL) QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
There is a population of beetles that typically have black wings. A scientist studying
these beetles knows that their eggs hatch in early spring, the young insects grow
through the late spring and summer, they lay eggs in the early fall, and they die in the
early winter. Recently some beetles have been born with white wings. Early in life, the
black- and white-winged beetles seem to be very similar in number of mating events,
eggs laid, and survival rates, but shortly after laying their eggs the white beetles die and
there are only black-winged beetles during the late fall. Which of the following is a true
statement about the beetles?
A. The number of baby white-winged beetles will decrease in frequency over time.
B. White- and black-winged beetles have equal fitness.
C. White wings are an adaptation.
D. Black-winged beetles have a higher fitness than white-winged beetles. - Correct
Answers -B. White- and black-winged beetles have equal fitness.
In biology, an adaptation is defined as _____.
A. a change in an individual's DNA sequence
B. a change in an individual's body in response to changes in environmental conditions
C. a change in an individual's behavior in response to changes in environmental
conditions
D. a heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a particular environment -
Correct Answers -D. a heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a
particular environment
example of direct observation of evolutionary change - Correct Answers -development
of drug resistant bacteria
example of fossil record - Correct Answers -discovery of shells of extinct species
discovery of transitional forms of horses
example of homology - Correct Answers -same genetic code in fireflies and tobacco
plants
similarities in mammalian forelimbs
vestigial pelvis in right whales
, example of biogeography - Correct Answers -similarity of endemic island species to
nearby mainland species
the high concentration of marsupial species in Australia
Which statement about vestigial traits is correct?
A. Humans lack vestigial traits.
B. Vestigial traits are similar to functional traits in closely related species.
C. Vestigial traits cannot be explained by the theory of evolution by natural selection.
D. Vestigial traits improve the biological fitness of individuals. - Correct Answers -B.
Vestigial traits are similar to functional traits in closely related species.
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale
pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants, and
plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this
plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater
relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the
percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to
year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study
population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the
population over time?
A. The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
B. The distribution of flower colors should not change.
C. The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.
D. The percen - Correct Answers -D. The percentage of pink flowers should increase
over time.
Which of the following results in the creation of gene families?
A. gene duplication
B. transcription
C. gene migration
D. translation - Correct Answers -A. gene duplication
Which of the following is true?
A. Protein-coding genes make up far less of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
B. Protein-coding genes and noncoding DNA make up about the same amount of the
human genome.
C. Protein-coding genes make up far more of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
D. Noncoding DNA has not been found in humans. - Correct Answers -A. Protein-
coding genes make up far less of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
Which of the following is true?
AND ANSWERS
There is a population of beetles that typically have black wings. A scientist studying
these beetles knows that their eggs hatch in early spring, the young insects grow
through the late spring and summer, they lay eggs in the early fall, and they die in the
early winter. Recently some beetles have been born with white wings. Early in life, the
black- and white-winged beetles seem to be very similar in number of mating events,
eggs laid, and survival rates, but shortly after laying their eggs the white beetles die and
there are only black-winged beetles during the late fall. Which of the following is a true
statement about the beetles?
A. The number of baby white-winged beetles will decrease in frequency over time.
B. White- and black-winged beetles have equal fitness.
C. White wings are an adaptation.
D. Black-winged beetles have a higher fitness than white-winged beetles. - Correct
Answers -B. White- and black-winged beetles have equal fitness.
In biology, an adaptation is defined as _____.
A. a change in an individual's DNA sequence
B. a change in an individual's body in response to changes in environmental conditions
C. a change in an individual's behavior in response to changes in environmental
conditions
D. a heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a particular environment -
Correct Answers -D. a heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a
particular environment
example of direct observation of evolutionary change - Correct Answers -development
of drug resistant bacteria
example of fossil record - Correct Answers -discovery of shells of extinct species
discovery of transitional forms of horses
example of homology - Correct Answers -same genetic code in fireflies and tobacco
plants
similarities in mammalian forelimbs
vestigial pelvis in right whales
, example of biogeography - Correct Answers -similarity of endemic island species to
nearby mainland species
the high concentration of marsupial species in Australia
Which statement about vestigial traits is correct?
A. Humans lack vestigial traits.
B. Vestigial traits are similar to functional traits in closely related species.
C. Vestigial traits cannot be explained by the theory of evolution by natural selection.
D. Vestigial traits improve the biological fitness of individuals. - Correct Answers -B.
Vestigial traits are similar to functional traits in closely related species.
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale
pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants, and
plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this
plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater
relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the
percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to
year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study
population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the
population over time?
A. The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
B. The distribution of flower colors should not change.
C. The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.
D. The percen - Correct Answers -D. The percentage of pink flowers should increase
over time.
Which of the following results in the creation of gene families?
A. gene duplication
B. transcription
C. gene migration
D. translation - Correct Answers -A. gene duplication
Which of the following is true?
A. Protein-coding genes make up far less of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
B. Protein-coding genes and noncoding DNA make up about the same amount of the
human genome.
C. Protein-coding genes make up far more of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
D. Noncoding DNA has not been found in humans. - Correct Answers -A. Protein-
coding genes make up far less of the human genome than noncoding DNA.
Which of the following is true?
