FUNDAMENTALS CMS MIDTERM 2 LEARNING WORKBOOK 2026 PATIENT CARE AND BASIC CLINICAL SKILLS

FUNDAMENTALS CMS MIDTERM 2 LEARNING
WORKBOOK 2026 PATIENT CARE AND BASIC
CLINICAL SKILLS

◉ Stage 2 Sleep.
Answer: - Deeper sleep
- 10-20 min long
- Increased relaxation


◉ Stage 3 Sleep.
Answer: - Beginning of deep sleep
- 15-30 min long
- Difficult to awaken


◉ Stage 4 Sleep.
Answer: - "Delta Sleep"
- Deepest sleep
- 15-30 min long
- Very difficult to awaken
- Sleep walking, sleep talking, enuresis

,◉ REM.
Answer: - vivid dreaming
- 90 min after falling asleep
- Very difficult to awaken
- cognitive restoration


◉ Insomnia.
Answer: inability to sleep


◉ Sleep apnea.
Answer: More than five breathing cessations lasting longer than 10
seconds per hour during sleep = decreased arterial oxygen
saturation


◉ Nursing consideration for Rest and Sleep.
Answer: - Bed time routine
- Limit clients walking at night
- Help with personal hygiene and back rubs
- Medication: benzodiazepine: sedative-hypnotics, zolpidem,
eszopiclone, zaleplon


◉ Client education for rest and sleep.

, Answer: - exercise regular (2 hours) before bedtime
- bedtime routine
- comfort environment
- limit alcohol, caffeine, nicotine at least 4 hrs before bed
- engage muscle relaxation


◉ Carbohydrates.
Answer: - provides most of the body's energy and fiber
- 4 kcal
- whole grains, breads, baked potato, brown rice


◉ Fats.
Answer: - energy and vitamins
- 9 kcal
- olive oil, salmon, egg yolks


◉ Protein.
Answer: - growth, maintenance and repair of body tissue
- 4 kcal
- beef, whole milk, poultry


◉ Fat soluble vitamins.