UGA CBIO 2200 Exam 2 Questions With
Correct Answers
integumentary system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-includes skin, hair, nails,
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cutaneous glands, and sweat glands.| | | |
dermatology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the study of the skin.
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skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the largest, most exposed organ. exposed to U V
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radiation and chemicals. Skin is the most treated organ. There are 2 layers to the
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skin.
functions of skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-resistance to trauma, resistance to
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infection, vitamin D synthesis, sensation, thermoregulation, nonverbal
| | | | | | |
communication, transdermal absorption. | |
layers of the skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the epidermis is the outer layer.
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the dermis is underneath the epidermis.
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epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-outer layer of the skin made of keratinized
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stratified squamous epithelium. The epidermis lacks blood vessels.
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,dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-connective tissue layer of the skin directly below
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the epidermis. the dermis contains blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous
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glands, and nerve endings.| | |
thickness of most skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-most skin is 1-2 millimeters thick,
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but ranges from 0.5 millimeters thick on the eyelids to 6 millimeters thick
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between the shoulder blades. | | |
hypodermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the hypodermis is not actually part of the
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skin. it is the subcutaneous layer where we inject medicines. The hypodermis
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contains mostly adipose and areolar connective tissue as well as good blood
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supply and nerve endings.
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thick skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is found on the palms of the hands and soles
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of the feet. Thick skin does not have hair follicles or sebaceous glands but it does
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have sweat glands.
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thin skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is found everywhere on the body except the
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palms and soles. Thin skin has sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands.
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layers of the epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-from superficial to deep: stratum
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corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum
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basale. The stratum lucidum is only found in thick skin.
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stratum corneum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-most superficial layer of the epidermis
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consisting of up to 30 layers of dead, scaly, keratinized cells that form a durable
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface layer. It is especially resistant to abrasion, penetration, and water loss.
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,stratum lucidum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2nd most superficial layer only found in
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thick skin. It is very thin and is translucent due to the clear protein eleiden that is
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densely packed in the keratinocytes of this layer.
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stratum granulosum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-3rd deepest layer of the epidermis,
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just above the stratum spinosoum, consists of 3 to 5 layers of flat keratinocytes
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that contain dark-staining keratohyalin granules that this layer is named for. The
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granules have a functional role.
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stratum spinosum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2nd deepest layer of the epidermis. In
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this layer, the keratinocytes begin producing keratin and the cells flatten out and
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cease dividing.
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keratohyalin granules - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-dark-staining material in the
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keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum. | | | |
stratum basale - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-deepest layer of the epidermis. consists
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mainly of a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar stem cells and keratinocytes
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resting on a basement membrane. The stem cells give rise to the keratinocytes
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that rise up through the other layers to be eventually sloughed off.
| | | | | | | | | | |
epidermolytic hyperkeratosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-keratin defect in which the
| | | | | | | | |
keratin clumps up. This makes skin less waterproof than normal and victims are
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
susceptible to dehydration and sepsis which means invasion by micro-organisms.
| | | | | | | | |
, melanocytes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-melanocytes are found only in the stratum
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basale amid the stem cells and the deepest keratinocytes. melanocytes synthesize
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melanin.
|
merkel or tactile cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-tactile cells are relatively few in
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the epidermis and are receptors for touch. they are found in the stratum basale.
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dendritic or Langerhanns cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-are found in the stratum
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spinosum and the stratum granulosum. They are the immune cells of the skin.
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dermal papillae - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-extensions of the dermis that reach into
| | | | | | | | | | |
the epidermis. the dermal papillae create the ridges that form our fingerprints.
| | | | | | | | | | |
2 layers of dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-papillary layer - thin layer of areolar
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tissue with more blood vessels than reticular layer.
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reticular layer- consists of dense irregular connective tissue and is beneath the
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papillary layer. |
piloerector muscles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-when contracted, they make hair
| | | | | | | | |
stand on end and the skin to wrinkle causing goose bumps.
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3 pigments which contribute to skin color - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-melanin,
| | | | | | | | | |
which includes eumelanin and pheomelanin.
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hemoglobin, and carotene. | |
Correct Answers
integumentary system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-includes skin, hair, nails,
| | | | | | | |
cutaneous glands, and sweat glands.| | | |
dermatology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the study of the skin.
| | | | | | |
skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the largest, most exposed organ. exposed to U V
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
radiation and chemicals. Skin is the most treated organ. There are 2 layers to the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
skin.
functions of skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-resistance to trauma, resistance to
| | | | | | | | | |
infection, vitamin D synthesis, sensation, thermoregulation, nonverbal
| | | | | | |
communication, transdermal absorption. | |
layers of the skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the epidermis is the outer layer.
| | | | | | | | | | |
the dermis is underneath the epidermis.
| | | | |
epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-outer layer of the skin made of keratinized
| | | | | | | | | | |
stratified squamous epithelium. The epidermis lacks blood vessels.
| | | | | | |
,dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-connective tissue layer of the skin directly below
| | | | | | | | | | |
the epidermis. the dermis contains blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous
| | | | | | | | | |
glands, and nerve endings.| | |
thickness of most skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-most skin is 1-2 millimeters thick,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
but ranges from 0.5 millimeters thick on the eyelids to 6 millimeters thick
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
between the shoulder blades. | | |
hypodermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the hypodermis is not actually part of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
skin. it is the subcutaneous layer where we inject medicines. The hypodermis
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contains mostly adipose and areolar connective tissue as well as good blood
| | | | | | | | | | | |
supply and nerve endings.
| | |
thick skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is found on the palms of the hands and soles
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of the feet. Thick skin does not have hair follicles or sebaceous glands but it does
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
have sweat glands.
| |
thin skin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is found everywhere on the body except the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
palms and soles. Thin skin has sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
layers of the epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-from superficial to deep: stratum
| | | | | | | | | | |
corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum
| | | | | | | |
basale. The stratum lucidum is only found in thick skin.
| | | | | | | | |
stratum corneum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-most superficial layer of the epidermis
| | | | | | | | | |
consisting of up to 30 layers of dead, scaly, keratinized cells that form a durable
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface layer. It is especially resistant to abrasion, penetration, and water loss.
| | | | | | | | | | |
,stratum lucidum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2nd most superficial layer only found in
| | | | | | | | | |
thick skin. It is very thin and is translucent due to the clear protein eleiden that is
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
densely packed in the keratinocytes of this layer.
| | | | | | | |
stratum granulosum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-3rd deepest layer of the epidermis,
| | | | | | | | | |
just above the stratum spinosoum, consists of 3 to 5 layers of flat keratinocytes
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
that contain dark-staining keratohyalin granules that this layer is named for. The
| | | | | | | | | | | |
granules have a functional role.
| | | |
stratum spinosum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2nd deepest layer of the epidermis. In
| | | | | | | | | |
this layer, the keratinocytes begin producing keratin and the cells flatten out and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
cease dividing.
|
keratohyalin granules - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-dark-staining material in the
| | | | | | | |
keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum. | | | |
stratum basale - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-deepest layer of the epidermis. consists
| | | | | | | | | |
mainly of a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar stem cells and keratinocytes
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
resting on a basement membrane. The stem cells give rise to the keratinocytes
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
that rise up through the other layers to be eventually sloughed off.
| | | | | | | | | | |
epidermolytic hyperkeratosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-keratin defect in which the
| | | | | | | | |
keratin clumps up. This makes skin less waterproof than normal and victims are
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
susceptible to dehydration and sepsis which means invasion by micro-organisms.
| | | | | | | | |
, melanocytes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-melanocytes are found only in the stratum
| | | | | | | | | |
basale amid the stem cells and the deepest keratinocytes. melanocytes synthesize
| | | | | | | | | |
melanin.
|
merkel or tactile cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-tactile cells are relatively few in
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the epidermis and are receptors for touch. they are found in the stratum basale.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
dendritic or Langerhanns cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-are found in the stratum
| | | | | | | | | | |
spinosum and the stratum granulosum. They are the immune cells of the skin.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
dermal papillae - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-extensions of the dermis that reach into
| | | | | | | | | | |
the epidermis. the dermal papillae create the ridges that form our fingerprints.
| | | | | | | | | | |
2 layers of dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-papillary layer - thin layer of areolar
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
tissue with more blood vessels than reticular layer.
| | | | | | |
reticular layer- consists of dense irregular connective tissue and is beneath the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
papillary layer. |
piloerector muscles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-when contracted, they make hair
| | | | | | | | |
stand on end and the skin to wrinkle causing goose bumps.
| | | | | | | | | |
3 pigments which contribute to skin color - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-melanin,
| | | | | | | | | |
which includes eumelanin and pheomelanin.
| | | |
hemoglobin, and carotene. | |
