AGACNP Test #2 with 100% Correct
Answers
ABCD2 Scale - ANSWER-Age > 60 years = 1 point
Blood Pressure Systolic BP > 140 mmHg OR diastolic BP > 90 mm Hg = 1 point
Clinical Features Unilateral weakness with or without speech impairment = 2 points
Speech impairment without unilateral weakness = 1 point
Duration
> 60 minutes = 2 points
10 - 59 minutes = 1 point
Diabetes = 1 point
2 day stroke risk:
0 - 3: low risk
4 - 5: moderate risk
6 - 7: high risk
ABCDE bundle - ANSWER-Awake Breathing coordination Choice of sedative Delerium
screening Exercise
acute lung injury - ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2 ratio = < 300
Acute Respiratory Failure - ANSWER-Relatively rapid respiratory dysfunction leading to
acute hypoxemia and/or acute hypercapnea leading to compromise of other organ
functions
Airflow limitation - ANSWER-Small airways disease and parenchymal destruction
Albuterol - ANSWER-Short-acting beta2-agonists
Alpha Hemolytic Strep - ANSWER-(partial hemolysis)- oxidizes the iron in hGb molecule
to create met-Hgb: S. pneumoniae, Viridans strep.
Aminoglycosides - ANSWER-Bacteriocidal; Most commonly used for serious infections
caused by aerobic GNR (include pseudomonas- but not as monotherapy)
Not used as monotherapy for Gm positive infections, but are sometimes used in
combination with a beta-lactam or vancomycin, especially for endocarditis;
Development of resistance is uncommon; Use limited by relatively serious toxicities
(nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade).
Anaerobes - ANSWER-Include all bacteria which grow and only reproduce in absence
of oxygen. Predominately found in GI tract (oral cavity)
, Generally stainable via gram stain, rarely referred to as Gm+ or Gm - in clinical practice.
Examples: Clostridium, Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Actinomyces
Anterior Cerebral Artery - ANSWER-Confusion, personality change, incontinence,
contralateral motor or sensory loss greater in leg, rigidity, abulia, perseveration,
cognitive impairment, distractibility, apraxia
Antibiotic - ANSWER-any compound (natural or synthetic) that inhibits the growth of, or
actively kills, microorganisms.
ARDS - ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2 ratio = < 200 treat the cause, low tidal volume, PEEP
usage with FiO2 needs
Assist/Control Ventilation - ANSWER-A timed or patient triggered CMV mode in which
the clinician sets a minimum rate, sensitivity level, type of breath (volume or pressure)
Patient can trigger breaths at a faster rate than the set minimum, but only the set
volume or pressure is delivered with each breath
Asthma - ANSWER-Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways leading to airflow
limitation.Changes that occur within the airway 2nd to inflammation:
Bronchoconstriction; Airway hyperresponsiveness; and Airway edema. Partially
reversible
Asthma treatment step 1 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists
Asthma treatment step 2 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and low dose inhaled corticosteroids or leukotreine
modifer
Asthma treatment step 3 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus long
acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus leukotreine modifer or low
dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released theophylline or medium/high dose
inhaled corticosteriods
Asthma treatment step 4 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and add two of the following: low dose inhaled
corticosteroids plus long acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus
leukotreine modifer or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released
theophylline or medium/high dose inhaled corticosteriods.
Asthma treatment step 5 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and add two of the following: low dose inhaled
corticosteroids plus long acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus
leukotreine modifer or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released
Answers
ABCD2 Scale - ANSWER-Age > 60 years = 1 point
Blood Pressure Systolic BP > 140 mmHg OR diastolic BP > 90 mm Hg = 1 point
Clinical Features Unilateral weakness with or without speech impairment = 2 points
Speech impairment without unilateral weakness = 1 point
Duration
> 60 minutes = 2 points
10 - 59 minutes = 1 point
Diabetes = 1 point
2 day stroke risk:
0 - 3: low risk
4 - 5: moderate risk
6 - 7: high risk
ABCDE bundle - ANSWER-Awake Breathing coordination Choice of sedative Delerium
screening Exercise
acute lung injury - ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2 ratio = < 300
Acute Respiratory Failure - ANSWER-Relatively rapid respiratory dysfunction leading to
acute hypoxemia and/or acute hypercapnea leading to compromise of other organ
functions
Airflow limitation - ANSWER-Small airways disease and parenchymal destruction
Albuterol - ANSWER-Short-acting beta2-agonists
Alpha Hemolytic Strep - ANSWER-(partial hemolysis)- oxidizes the iron in hGb molecule
to create met-Hgb: S. pneumoniae, Viridans strep.
Aminoglycosides - ANSWER-Bacteriocidal; Most commonly used for serious infections
caused by aerobic GNR (include pseudomonas- but not as monotherapy)
Not used as monotherapy for Gm positive infections, but are sometimes used in
combination with a beta-lactam or vancomycin, especially for endocarditis;
Development of resistance is uncommon; Use limited by relatively serious toxicities
(nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade).
Anaerobes - ANSWER-Include all bacteria which grow and only reproduce in absence
of oxygen. Predominately found in GI tract (oral cavity)
, Generally stainable via gram stain, rarely referred to as Gm+ or Gm - in clinical practice.
Examples: Clostridium, Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Actinomyces
Anterior Cerebral Artery - ANSWER-Confusion, personality change, incontinence,
contralateral motor or sensory loss greater in leg, rigidity, abulia, perseveration,
cognitive impairment, distractibility, apraxia
Antibiotic - ANSWER-any compound (natural or synthetic) that inhibits the growth of, or
actively kills, microorganisms.
ARDS - ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2 ratio = < 200 treat the cause, low tidal volume, PEEP
usage with FiO2 needs
Assist/Control Ventilation - ANSWER-A timed or patient triggered CMV mode in which
the clinician sets a minimum rate, sensitivity level, type of breath (volume or pressure)
Patient can trigger breaths at a faster rate than the set minimum, but only the set
volume or pressure is delivered with each breath
Asthma - ANSWER-Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways leading to airflow
limitation.Changes that occur within the airway 2nd to inflammation:
Bronchoconstriction; Airway hyperresponsiveness; and Airway edema. Partially
reversible
Asthma treatment step 1 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists
Asthma treatment step 2 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and low dose inhaled corticosteroids or leukotreine
modifer
Asthma treatment step 3 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, and as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus long
acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus leukotreine modifer or low
dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released theophylline or medium/high dose
inhaled corticosteriods
Asthma treatment step 4 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and add two of the following: low dose inhaled
corticosteroids plus long acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus
leukotreine modifer or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released
theophylline or medium/high dose inhaled corticosteriods.
Asthma treatment step 5 - ANSWER-asthma education, environmental control, as
needed rapid acting beta2-agonists and add two of the following: low dose inhaled
corticosteroids plus long acting beta2-agonist or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus
leukotreine modifer or low dose inhaled corticosteroids plus sustained released
