NURS 110 Introduction to Professional Nursing - Exam 1 (2026/2027
Update) WCU
1. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Science of Unitary Human Beings,’
viewing humans as irreducible whole energy fields?
A. Martha Rogers
B. Dorothea Orem
C. Sister Callista Roy
D. Imogene King
Answer: A
Rationale: Martha Rogers proposed the Science of Unitary Human Beings, emphasizing
humans as dynamic energy fields coexisting within the environment.
2. When applying the Nursing Process, which stage is characterized by the nurse
setting priorities and establishing measurable outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Evaluation
C. Implementation
D. Planning
Answer: D
Rationale: Planning involves the prioritization of nursing diagnoses and the formulation of
SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely).
,3. A nurse provides patient education regarding medication side effects before
discharge. This action primarily fulfills which ethical principle?
A. Justice
B. Autonomy
C. Fidelity
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make informed decisions. Providing
education empowers the patient to exercise this right.
4. What is the primary purpose of the Nurse Practice Act (NPA) in each state?
A. To define the curriculum for nursing schools
B. To provide a salary scale for registered nurses
C. To protect the public from unskilled or unsafe nursing practice
D. To advocate for nurses’ rights in the workplace
Answer: C
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is legislation designed to protect the health, safety, and
welfare of the public by regulating nursing practice.
5. In the PICO(T) format for Evidence-Based Practice, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Implementation
B. Intervention
C. Indicator
D. Investigation
Answer: B
Rationale: PICO(T) stands for Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time.
, 6. Which historical figure is credited with establishing the first secular nursing
school and professionalizing nursing through sanitation?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Mary Mahoney
C. Clara Barton
D. Lillian Wald
Answer: A
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is known for her work during the Crimean War and for
establishing the Nightingale Training School for Nurses.
7. Which level of prevention is a nurse performing when conducting a screening
for scoliosis in a middle school?
A. Primary Prevention
B. Tertiary Prevention
C. Secondary Prevention
D. Quaternary Prevention
Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening to limit the
impact of disease.
8. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must
be addressed first for a patient experiencing acute respiratory distress?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and Security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and Belonging
Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, food, water) are the foundation of Maslow’s
hierarchy and must be met before higher-level needs.
Update) WCU
1. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Science of Unitary Human Beings,’
viewing humans as irreducible whole energy fields?
A. Martha Rogers
B. Dorothea Orem
C. Sister Callista Roy
D. Imogene King
Answer: A
Rationale: Martha Rogers proposed the Science of Unitary Human Beings, emphasizing
humans as dynamic energy fields coexisting within the environment.
2. When applying the Nursing Process, which stage is characterized by the nurse
setting priorities and establishing measurable outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Evaluation
C. Implementation
D. Planning
Answer: D
Rationale: Planning involves the prioritization of nursing diagnoses and the formulation of
SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely).
,3. A nurse provides patient education regarding medication side effects before
discharge. This action primarily fulfills which ethical principle?
A. Justice
B. Autonomy
C. Fidelity
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make informed decisions. Providing
education empowers the patient to exercise this right.
4. What is the primary purpose of the Nurse Practice Act (NPA) in each state?
A. To define the curriculum for nursing schools
B. To provide a salary scale for registered nurses
C. To protect the public from unskilled or unsafe nursing practice
D. To advocate for nurses’ rights in the workplace
Answer: C
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is legislation designed to protect the health, safety, and
welfare of the public by regulating nursing practice.
5. In the PICO(T) format for Evidence-Based Practice, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Implementation
B. Intervention
C. Indicator
D. Investigation
Answer: B
Rationale: PICO(T) stands for Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time.
, 6. Which historical figure is credited with establishing the first secular nursing
school and professionalizing nursing through sanitation?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Mary Mahoney
C. Clara Barton
D. Lillian Wald
Answer: A
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is known for her work during the Crimean War and for
establishing the Nightingale Training School for Nurses.
7. Which level of prevention is a nurse performing when conducting a screening
for scoliosis in a middle school?
A. Primary Prevention
B. Tertiary Prevention
C. Secondary Prevention
D. Quaternary Prevention
Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening to limit the
impact of disease.
8. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must
be addressed first for a patient experiencing acute respiratory distress?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and Security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and Belonging
Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, food, water) are the foundation of Maslow’s
hierarchy and must be met before higher-level needs.
