NURS 110 Introduction to Professional Nursing Final Exam 2026 |WCU
1. Which nursing theorist is primarily associated with the ‘Science of Unitary
Human Beings’ and viewed humans as irreducible energy fields?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Imogene King
C. Jean Watson
D. Martha Rogers
Answer: D
Rationale: Martha Rogers developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings, emphasizing
that nursing is both a science and an art, focusing on the human-environment interaction
as energy fields.
2. A nurse provides pain medication to a patient as promised. Which ethical
principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Autonomy
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Fidelity refers to faithfulness and the practice of keeping promises. By
delivering the medication as stated, the nurse maintains trust.
,3. During which phase of the nursing process does the nurse prioritize patient
problems and identify measurable outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: The Planning phase involves setting priorities, identifying patient-centered
goals (outcomes), and choosing nursing interventions.
4. A nurse fails to raise the side rails for a confused elderly patient who
subsequently falls and suffers a hip fracture. This is an example of:
A. Assault
B. Battery
C. Slander
D. Negligence
Answer: D
Rationale: Negligence is the failure to act as a reasonably prudent person would in similar
circumstances, resulting in harm.
5. Which QSEN competency focuses on using data to monitor the outcomes of
care processes and using improvement methods to design and test changes?
A. Quality Improvement
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Patient-Centered Care
D. Informatics
Answer: A
, Rationale: Quality Improvement (QI) is the competency that involves monitoring
outcomes and testing changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care
systems.
6. Which historical figure is credited with establishing the first nursing
philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration through
environmental control?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Mary Mahoney
D. Lillian Wald
Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale founded modern nursing and focused on environmental
factors like light, ventilation, and sanitation to improve health.
7. A nurse is caring for a patient from a different culture. To provide culturally
competent care, the nurse’s first step should be:
A. Ask the family about their traditions
B. Read a book about the patient’s culture
C. Request a translator for all communication
D. Perform a self-assessment of their own cultural beliefs and biases
Answer: D
Rationale: Cultural awareness begins with self-examination and in-depth exploration of
one’s own cultural and professional background and biases.
1. Which nursing theorist is primarily associated with the ‘Science of Unitary
Human Beings’ and viewed humans as irreducible energy fields?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Imogene King
C. Jean Watson
D. Martha Rogers
Answer: D
Rationale: Martha Rogers developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings, emphasizing
that nursing is both a science and an art, focusing on the human-environment interaction
as energy fields.
2. A nurse provides pain medication to a patient as promised. Which ethical
principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Autonomy
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Fidelity refers to faithfulness and the practice of keeping promises. By
delivering the medication as stated, the nurse maintains trust.
,3. During which phase of the nursing process does the nurse prioritize patient
problems and identify measurable outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: The Planning phase involves setting priorities, identifying patient-centered
goals (outcomes), and choosing nursing interventions.
4. A nurse fails to raise the side rails for a confused elderly patient who
subsequently falls and suffers a hip fracture. This is an example of:
A. Assault
B. Battery
C. Slander
D. Negligence
Answer: D
Rationale: Negligence is the failure to act as a reasonably prudent person would in similar
circumstances, resulting in harm.
5. Which QSEN competency focuses on using data to monitor the outcomes of
care processes and using improvement methods to design and test changes?
A. Quality Improvement
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Patient-Centered Care
D. Informatics
Answer: A
, Rationale: Quality Improvement (QI) is the competency that involves monitoring
outcomes and testing changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care
systems.
6. Which historical figure is credited with establishing the first nursing
philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration through
environmental control?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Mary Mahoney
D. Lillian Wald
Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale founded modern nursing and focused on environmental
factors like light, ventilation, and sanitation to improve health.
7. A nurse is caring for a patient from a different culture. To provide culturally
competent care, the nurse’s first step should be:
A. Ask the family about their traditions
B. Read a book about the patient’s culture
C. Request a translator for all communication
D. Perform a self-assessment of their own cultural beliefs and biases
Answer: D
Rationale: Cultural awareness begins with self-examination and in-depth exploration of
one’s own cultural and professional background and biases.
