NURS 110 | Introduction to Professional Nursing | Week 3
Comprehensive Quiz 2026 |WCU
1. According to Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, what is the
nurse’s primary responsibility?
A. To alter the patient’s surroundings to facilitate the body’s reparative processes
B. To administer complex pharmacological interventions
C. To manage the patient’s spiritual distress through counseling
D. To perform surgical procedures in field hospitals
Answer: A
Rationale: Nightingale’s theory focuses on the environment, suggesting that the nurse
should manipulate factors like ventilation, light, and cleanliness to allow nature to act upon
the patient.
2. Virginia Henderson’s nursing theory is best known for identifying how many
basic needs of the patient?
A. 10 basic needs
B. 14 basic needs
C. 5 hierarchy of needs
D. 21 nursing problems
Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson defined nursing as assisting individuals with 14 basic needs, ranging
from breathing and eating to worshiping and working.
,3. In Hildegard Peplau’s theory, the ‘Orientation’ phase is characterized by:
A. The patient and nurse working together to solve problems
B. The patient utilizing all available services to improve health
C. The nurse completing the discharge summary
D. The patient seeking professional assistance for a felt need
Answer: D
Rationale: The Orientation phase is the first phase of the interpersonal relationship where
the patient seeks help and the nurse helps the patient recognize the problem.
4. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory suggests that nursing care is
required when:
A. The patient refuses to follow medical advice
B. The patient’s self-care agency is greater than the self-care demand
C. The patient is admitted to an acute care facility
D. The patient’s self-care demand exceeds their self-care agency
Answer: D
Rationale: Orem posits that nursing is necessary when an individual is unable to fulfill
their own self-care requirements due to limitations.
5. Which concept is central to Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings?
A. Energy fields and the principles of homeodynamics
B. The balance of bodily humors
C. The achievement of specific behavioral goals
D. The adaptation to external stressors
Answer: A
Rationale: Rogers viewed humans as irreducible energy fields that are integral with the
environment’s energy field.
, 6. Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model identifies four modes of adaptation.
Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A. Physiological-Physical Mode
B. Self-Concept-Group Identity Mode
C. Spiritual Transcendence Mode
D. Role Function Mode
Answer: C
Rationale: Roy’s four modes are Physiological, Self-concept, Role function, and
Interdependence. Spiritual Transcendence is not one of her primary modes.
7. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring involves ‘Caritas Processes.’ What is
the primary focus of these processes?
A. Efficient clinical management and task completion
B. Focusing strictly on the biological aspects of disease
C. Standardizing nursing protocols across all departments
D. Preserving the dignity and humanity of the patient through transpersonal caring
Answer: D
Rationale: Watson’s theory emphasizes the spiritual and transpersonal aspects of caring
between the nurse and patient.
8. In Benner’s ‘Novice to Expert’ model, a ‘Proficient’ nurse is characterized by:
A. Following rules strictly without considering the context
B. Perceiving situations as whole parts rather than isolated aspects
C. Having an intuitive grasp of every clinical situation
D. Needing 5 or more years of experience in the same field
Answer: B
Rationale: The Proficient nurse sees the ‘big picture’ and can recognize when the normal
expected clinical picture is not present.
Comprehensive Quiz 2026 |WCU
1. According to Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, what is the
nurse’s primary responsibility?
A. To alter the patient’s surroundings to facilitate the body’s reparative processes
B. To administer complex pharmacological interventions
C. To manage the patient’s spiritual distress through counseling
D. To perform surgical procedures in field hospitals
Answer: A
Rationale: Nightingale’s theory focuses on the environment, suggesting that the nurse
should manipulate factors like ventilation, light, and cleanliness to allow nature to act upon
the patient.
2. Virginia Henderson’s nursing theory is best known for identifying how many
basic needs of the patient?
A. 10 basic needs
B. 14 basic needs
C. 5 hierarchy of needs
D. 21 nursing problems
Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson defined nursing as assisting individuals with 14 basic needs, ranging
from breathing and eating to worshiping and working.
,3. In Hildegard Peplau’s theory, the ‘Orientation’ phase is characterized by:
A. The patient and nurse working together to solve problems
B. The patient utilizing all available services to improve health
C. The nurse completing the discharge summary
D. The patient seeking professional assistance for a felt need
Answer: D
Rationale: The Orientation phase is the first phase of the interpersonal relationship where
the patient seeks help and the nurse helps the patient recognize the problem.
4. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory suggests that nursing care is
required when:
A. The patient refuses to follow medical advice
B. The patient’s self-care agency is greater than the self-care demand
C. The patient is admitted to an acute care facility
D. The patient’s self-care demand exceeds their self-care agency
Answer: D
Rationale: Orem posits that nursing is necessary when an individual is unable to fulfill
their own self-care requirements due to limitations.
5. Which concept is central to Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings?
A. Energy fields and the principles of homeodynamics
B. The balance of bodily humors
C. The achievement of specific behavioral goals
D. The adaptation to external stressors
Answer: A
Rationale: Rogers viewed humans as irreducible energy fields that are integral with the
environment’s energy field.
, 6. Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model identifies four modes of adaptation.
Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A. Physiological-Physical Mode
B. Self-Concept-Group Identity Mode
C. Spiritual Transcendence Mode
D. Role Function Mode
Answer: C
Rationale: Roy’s four modes are Physiological, Self-concept, Role function, and
Interdependence. Spiritual Transcendence is not one of her primary modes.
7. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring involves ‘Caritas Processes.’ What is
the primary focus of these processes?
A. Efficient clinical management and task completion
B. Focusing strictly on the biological aspects of disease
C. Standardizing nursing protocols across all departments
D. Preserving the dignity and humanity of the patient through transpersonal caring
Answer: D
Rationale: Watson’s theory emphasizes the spiritual and transpersonal aspects of caring
between the nurse and patient.
8. In Benner’s ‘Novice to Expert’ model, a ‘Proficient’ nurse is characterized by:
A. Following rules strictly without considering the context
B. Perceiving situations as whole parts rather than isolated aspects
C. Having an intuitive grasp of every clinical situation
D. Needing 5 or more years of experience in the same field
Answer: B
Rationale: The Proficient nurse sees the ‘big picture’ and can recognize when the normal
expected clinical picture is not present.
