NR605 Week 4 Questions and Answers
1. humanistic-existential approach: -foundational to psychiatric mental health
nursing
• central tenets of holism, self-actualization, and the therapeutic alliance
-places emphasis on understanding human experience
• focusing on the client rather than the symptom
-Interventions seek to increase client self-awareness and self-understanding
-Holistic
• assumes an interrelationship between the client's psychological, biological, social,
and spiritual dimensions
2. Humanism is often referred to as the in psychology: "third
force" in psychology
-after psychoanalysis and behaviorism
3. Humanism eventually gave way to a later force: :-
transpersonal psychotherapy
4. early forces of psychotherapy: Behaviorism
-focuses on observable behavior
Psychoanalysis
-studies the unconscious mind
Humanistic-existential
-focuses on individual free will
5. Types of Humanistic—Existential Therapy: Person-Centered Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
6. Person- or Client-centered therapy: -Carl Rogers founded this psychotherapy
in the 1940s
role of the psychotherapist is to establish a therapeutic relationship
-using genuine understanding and acceptance
• client can discover and explore their reality.
-belief people are essentially trustworthy, have potential for self-understanding &
self-directed growth with support of a therapeutic relationship
-congruence (genuineness and realness)
-unconditional positive regard (acceptance and caring)
-accurate empathic understanding through skilled, active listening (perceiving the
client's subjective experience)
• Positive belief in human nature
• Self-concept (Self-worth, self-image, ideal self)
, NR605 Week 4 Questions and Answers
• Actualizing tendency
• Fully functioning person
7. goal of person-centered therapy: assist the client to become a fully functioning
person
-role of the person-centered psychotherapist
• provide client with unconditional positive regard to help facilitate change
• Using congruence, acceptance, and empathy
8. Person- or Client-centered therapy indications: -useful modality for individu-
als, groups, and families
-effective in addressing a range of client problems
• anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorders, psychosomatic problems, agora-
phobia, interpersonal difficulties, personality disorders
• often used in crisis interventions such as illness or the death of a loved one
• recently demonstrated (+) outcomes with autism, transgender & gender diverse
clients
9. Techniques used in person-centered psychotherapy: -nondirective-facilitative
counseling
-congruence, unconditional positive regard
-accurate empathic understanding
10. Gestalt psychotherapy: -founded by Fritz and Laura Perls
-holistic, person-centered therapy
-assumption that while an individual may come close to understanding the experi-
ence of another, one can never fully comprehend another's experience
• therapist observes how the client relates to the environment and moves from one
experience to the next
-three key philosophies
• Field theory: context of the situation or field
• Phenomenology: what is obvious rather than on the therapist's interpretation
• Dialogue: showing the true self and experiencing the other person as they truly are
11. Gestalt psychotherapy: role and function of the therapist: -inviting the client
into an active partnership
• learn about themselves
• experience how they are in the present moment
• explore new behaviors
• focusing on the here and now rather than past experiences
-addresses the clients' nonverbal body language
• gestures as cues to rich info that the client may not be aware of
-emphasize language patterns and personality
1. humanistic-existential approach: -foundational to psychiatric mental health
nursing
• central tenets of holism, self-actualization, and the therapeutic alliance
-places emphasis on understanding human experience
• focusing on the client rather than the symptom
-Interventions seek to increase client self-awareness and self-understanding
-Holistic
• assumes an interrelationship between the client's psychological, biological, social,
and spiritual dimensions
2. Humanism is often referred to as the in psychology: "third
force" in psychology
-after psychoanalysis and behaviorism
3. Humanism eventually gave way to a later force: :-
transpersonal psychotherapy
4. early forces of psychotherapy: Behaviorism
-focuses on observable behavior
Psychoanalysis
-studies the unconscious mind
Humanistic-existential
-focuses on individual free will
5. Types of Humanistic—Existential Therapy: Person-Centered Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
6. Person- or Client-centered therapy: -Carl Rogers founded this psychotherapy
in the 1940s
role of the psychotherapist is to establish a therapeutic relationship
-using genuine understanding and acceptance
• client can discover and explore their reality.
-belief people are essentially trustworthy, have potential for self-understanding &
self-directed growth with support of a therapeutic relationship
-congruence (genuineness and realness)
-unconditional positive regard (acceptance and caring)
-accurate empathic understanding through skilled, active listening (perceiving the
client's subjective experience)
• Positive belief in human nature
• Self-concept (Self-worth, self-image, ideal self)
, NR605 Week 4 Questions and Answers
• Actualizing tendency
• Fully functioning person
7. goal of person-centered therapy: assist the client to become a fully functioning
person
-role of the person-centered psychotherapist
• provide client with unconditional positive regard to help facilitate change
• Using congruence, acceptance, and empathy
8. Person- or Client-centered therapy indications: -useful modality for individu-
als, groups, and families
-effective in addressing a range of client problems
• anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorders, psychosomatic problems, agora-
phobia, interpersonal difficulties, personality disorders
• often used in crisis interventions such as illness or the death of a loved one
• recently demonstrated (+) outcomes with autism, transgender & gender diverse
clients
9. Techniques used in person-centered psychotherapy: -nondirective-facilitative
counseling
-congruence, unconditional positive regard
-accurate empathic understanding
10. Gestalt psychotherapy: -founded by Fritz and Laura Perls
-holistic, person-centered therapy
-assumption that while an individual may come close to understanding the experi-
ence of another, one can never fully comprehend another's experience
• therapist observes how the client relates to the environment and moves from one
experience to the next
-three key philosophies
• Field theory: context of the situation or field
• Phenomenology: what is obvious rather than on the therapist's interpretation
• Dialogue: showing the true self and experiencing the other person as they truly are
11. Gestalt psychotherapy: role and function of the therapist: -inviting the client
into an active partnership
• learn about themselves
• experience how they are in the present moment
• explore new behaviors
• focusing on the here and now rather than past experiences
-addresses the clients' nonverbal body language
• gestures as cues to rich info that the client may not be aware of
-emphasize language patterns and personality
