NU 322 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026
presumptive - Answers what sign of pregnancy is felt by the woman and subjective?
1. nausea
2. fatigue
3. breast tenderness
4. amenorrhea
5. urinary frequency
6. quickening - Answers what are presumptive signs of pregnancy? (6)
probable - Answers what sign of pregnancy is observed by the examiner and objective?
1. positive pregnancy test
2. Chadwick's sign
3. Goddell's sign
4. Hegar's sign
5. uterine growth
6. abdominal growth
7. skin hyperpigmentation
8. chloasma
9. linea negra
10. nipples and areola
11. ballottement - Answers what are probable signs of pregnancy? (11)
quickening - Answers awareness of fetal movement, usually at 18 weeks gestation
Chadwicks sign - Answers bluish purple vaginal mucosa at 6-8 weeks
Goodell's sign - Answers softening of cervix
Hegar's sign - Answers softening of lower uterine segment
1. auscultation of fetal heart
2. observation and palpation of fetal movement
3. sonogram visualization of fetus with cardiac movement noted - Answers what are positive signs of
pregnancy? (3)
10-12 weeks - Answers when can the fetal heart be auscultated?
4-8 weeks - Answers when can cardiac movement be noted in a visual sonogram of a fetus?
positive - Answers what sign of pregnancy is confirmed?
at the beginning of the nurse's shift when they accept patient care responsibility - Answers when
does the element of duty in nursing begin?
serum creatinine - Answers indicates kidney function and elevated levels can suggest renal
impairment
If we have an issue with the kidneys, could have an issue with the amniotic fluid (decreased could
mean something is wrong with the baby's kidneys) - Answers why is serum creatinine important?
lower; this is normal - Answers a pregnant woman's serum creatinine will be higher or lower than a
non-pregnant woman?
nursing liability - Answers Refers to the legal responsibility nurses have to provide safe, competent
care
true - Answers true or false: nurses can be held accountable for negligence or malpractice
assault - Answers Threatening to touch without consent (e.g., "If you don't take this med, I'll give you
an injection.")
battery - Answers Actual touching without consent (e.g., giving an injection without permission)
25-30 pounds - Answers how many pounds should a normal (BMI 18.5-24.9) woman gain during
pregnancy?
28-40 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an underweight (BMI <18.5) woman gain during
pregnancy?
15-25 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an overweight (BMI 25-29.9) woman gain during
pregnancy?
11-20 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an obese (BMI >30) woman gain during
pregnancy?
Teratogens - Answers agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus
during prenatal development and cause harm
, weeks 3-8 of gestation (Embryonic period) - Answers what is the most vulnerable time for
teratogens?
this is when the organs start to develop - Answers why are we most concerned about teratogens
during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy?
1. alcohol
2. drugs
3. ACE inhibitors
4. warfarin
5. lithium
6. infections - Answers what are examples of teratogens? (6)
dominant genes - Answers a single copy of the disease-associated mutation is enough to cause the
disease
recessive genes - Answers two copies of the mutation are needed to cause the disease
1. Cystic fibrosis
2. Sickle cell anemia
3. SMA
4. Tay-Sachs disease - Answers what are examples of autosomal recessive disorders? (4)
Huntingon's Disease - Answers what is an example of an autosomal dominant disorder?
iron supplementation - Answers we give this supplementation in pregnancy to prevent maternal
anemia and ensure oxygen delivery to fetus (blood volume increases in pregnancy)
1. take on an empty stomach (if can tolerate)
2. take with vitamin C (like orange juice)
3. avoid dairy, coffee, tea (can reduce absorption)
4. may cause dark stools and constipation - Answers what is patient education for iron
supplementation? (4)
1. nausea
2. constipation
3. black or dark green stools
4. metallic taste - Answers what are side effects of iron? (4)
yes - Answers is ferrous sulfate 325 mg the same as 65 mg elemental iron?
Ferrous sulfate is the compound found in iron supplements, while elemental iron is the actual amount
of usable iron your body absorbs from that compound - Answers what is the difference between
ferrous sulfate and elemental iron?
elemental iron - Answers the part your body actually needs and absorbs with iron supplementation
ferrous sulfate - Answers the actual tablet with iron supplementation
estrogen - Answers hormone responsible for uterine growth and blood flow; helps prepare breast for
lactation and goes to sleep until ready for delivery
progesterone - Answers the hormone that maintains endometrium; prevents uterine contractions
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - Answers hormone that maintains corpus luteum early on; if
positive in blood or urine, means you are probably pregnant
human placental lactogen (hPL) - Answers the hormone that alters metabolism for fetal growth;
responsible for gestational diabetes in pregnancy; supplies energy to fetus
take the first day of last menstrual period, go back 3 months, add 7 days - Answers how do you use
Naegele's rule to calculate estimated due date?
1. increased blood volume
2. increased cardiac output
3. decreased GI motility
4. mild respiratory alkalosis
5. slight anemia - Answers what are normal physiological findings in pregnancy? (5)
to help protect mom and baby - Answers what is the reasoning behind all the physiological changes
in pregnancy?
1. duty
2. breach of duty
3. foreseeability
4. causation
5. damages - Answers what are 5 elements of malpractice?
presumptive - Answers what sign of pregnancy is felt by the woman and subjective?
1. nausea
2. fatigue
3. breast tenderness
4. amenorrhea
5. urinary frequency
6. quickening - Answers what are presumptive signs of pregnancy? (6)
probable - Answers what sign of pregnancy is observed by the examiner and objective?
1. positive pregnancy test
2. Chadwick's sign
3. Goddell's sign
4. Hegar's sign
5. uterine growth
6. abdominal growth
7. skin hyperpigmentation
8. chloasma
9. linea negra
10. nipples and areola
11. ballottement - Answers what are probable signs of pregnancy? (11)
quickening - Answers awareness of fetal movement, usually at 18 weeks gestation
Chadwicks sign - Answers bluish purple vaginal mucosa at 6-8 weeks
Goodell's sign - Answers softening of cervix
Hegar's sign - Answers softening of lower uterine segment
1. auscultation of fetal heart
2. observation and palpation of fetal movement
3. sonogram visualization of fetus with cardiac movement noted - Answers what are positive signs of
pregnancy? (3)
10-12 weeks - Answers when can the fetal heart be auscultated?
4-8 weeks - Answers when can cardiac movement be noted in a visual sonogram of a fetus?
positive - Answers what sign of pregnancy is confirmed?
at the beginning of the nurse's shift when they accept patient care responsibility - Answers when
does the element of duty in nursing begin?
serum creatinine - Answers indicates kidney function and elevated levels can suggest renal
impairment
If we have an issue with the kidneys, could have an issue with the amniotic fluid (decreased could
mean something is wrong with the baby's kidneys) - Answers why is serum creatinine important?
lower; this is normal - Answers a pregnant woman's serum creatinine will be higher or lower than a
non-pregnant woman?
nursing liability - Answers Refers to the legal responsibility nurses have to provide safe, competent
care
true - Answers true or false: nurses can be held accountable for negligence or malpractice
assault - Answers Threatening to touch without consent (e.g., "If you don't take this med, I'll give you
an injection.")
battery - Answers Actual touching without consent (e.g., giving an injection without permission)
25-30 pounds - Answers how many pounds should a normal (BMI 18.5-24.9) woman gain during
pregnancy?
28-40 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an underweight (BMI <18.5) woman gain during
pregnancy?
15-25 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an overweight (BMI 25-29.9) woman gain during
pregnancy?
11-20 pounds - Answers how many pounds should an obese (BMI >30) woman gain during
pregnancy?
Teratogens - Answers agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus
during prenatal development and cause harm
, weeks 3-8 of gestation (Embryonic period) - Answers what is the most vulnerable time for
teratogens?
this is when the organs start to develop - Answers why are we most concerned about teratogens
during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy?
1. alcohol
2. drugs
3. ACE inhibitors
4. warfarin
5. lithium
6. infections - Answers what are examples of teratogens? (6)
dominant genes - Answers a single copy of the disease-associated mutation is enough to cause the
disease
recessive genes - Answers two copies of the mutation are needed to cause the disease
1. Cystic fibrosis
2. Sickle cell anemia
3. SMA
4. Tay-Sachs disease - Answers what are examples of autosomal recessive disorders? (4)
Huntingon's Disease - Answers what is an example of an autosomal dominant disorder?
iron supplementation - Answers we give this supplementation in pregnancy to prevent maternal
anemia and ensure oxygen delivery to fetus (blood volume increases in pregnancy)
1. take on an empty stomach (if can tolerate)
2. take with vitamin C (like orange juice)
3. avoid dairy, coffee, tea (can reduce absorption)
4. may cause dark stools and constipation - Answers what is patient education for iron
supplementation? (4)
1. nausea
2. constipation
3. black or dark green stools
4. metallic taste - Answers what are side effects of iron? (4)
yes - Answers is ferrous sulfate 325 mg the same as 65 mg elemental iron?
Ferrous sulfate is the compound found in iron supplements, while elemental iron is the actual amount
of usable iron your body absorbs from that compound - Answers what is the difference between
ferrous sulfate and elemental iron?
elemental iron - Answers the part your body actually needs and absorbs with iron supplementation
ferrous sulfate - Answers the actual tablet with iron supplementation
estrogen - Answers hormone responsible for uterine growth and blood flow; helps prepare breast for
lactation and goes to sleep until ready for delivery
progesterone - Answers the hormone that maintains endometrium; prevents uterine contractions
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - Answers hormone that maintains corpus luteum early on; if
positive in blood or urine, means you are probably pregnant
human placental lactogen (hPL) - Answers the hormone that alters metabolism for fetal growth;
responsible for gestational diabetes in pregnancy; supplies energy to fetus
take the first day of last menstrual period, go back 3 months, add 7 days - Answers how do you use
Naegele's rule to calculate estimated due date?
1. increased blood volume
2. increased cardiac output
3. decreased GI motility
4. mild respiratory alkalosis
5. slight anemia - Answers what are normal physiological findings in pregnancy? (5)
to help protect mom and baby - Answers what is the reasoning behind all the physiological changes
in pregnancy?
1. duty
2. breach of duty
3. foreseeability
4. causation
5. damages - Answers what are 5 elements of malpractice?
