NSG 221 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Psychotherapy Groups: The goal of a psychotherapy group is for members
to learn about their behavior and to make positive changes in their behavior by
interacting and communicating with others as a member of a group. Groups may be
organized around a specific medical diagnosis, such as depression, or a particular
issue
2. Mental Health Definition: Mental health: a state of emotional, psychological,
and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective
behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability
3. Mental Illness Definition: Mental Illness: Mental illness includes disorders that
affect mood, behavior, and thinking, such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety
disorders, and addictive disorders. Mental disorders often cause significant distress
or impaired functioning or both.
4. Levels of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:: Levels of Psychiatric-Mental
Health Nursing:
Counseling, Interventions, Problem-Solving, Crisis Intervention, Stress Manage-
ment, Teach Skills, Encourage Independence, Administer Medications, Milieu Ther-
apy, Ect.
5. Components of Personality According to Freud: Id: The id is the part of one's
nature that reflects basic or innate desires such as pleasure-seeking behavior,
aggression, and sexual impulses. The id seeks instant gratification, causes impulsive
unthinking behavior, and has no regard for rules or social convention.
6. Components of Personality According to Freud: Superego: The superego is
the part of a person's nature that reflects moral and ethical concepts, values, and
parental and social expectations; therefore,
it is in direct opposition to the id. The
third component, the ego, is the balancing or mediating force between the id and
the superego.
7. Components of Personality According to Freud: Ego: The ego represents
mature and adaptive behavior that allows a person to function successfully in the
world. Freud believed that anxiety resulted from the ego's attempts to balance the
impulsive instincts of the id with the stringent rules of the superego.
8. Freud's 3 Levels of Awareness: Conscious refers to the perceptions, thoughts,
,and emotions that exist in the person's awareness, such as being aware of happy
feelings or thinking about a loved one.
Preconscious thoughts and emotions are not currently in the person's awareness,
but he or she can recall them with some effort—for example, an adult remembering
what he or she did, thought, or felt as a child.
The unconscious is the realm of thoughts and feelings that motivates a person even
though he or she is totally unaware of them.
2/9
, 9. Ego Defense Mechanism Definition:: Freud believed that the self, or ego, uses
ego defense mechanisms, which are methods of attempting to protect the self and
cope with basic drives or emotionally painful thoughts, feelings, or events
10. Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms: Compensation, Conversion, Denial,
Displacement, Dissociation, Fixation, Identification, Intellectualization, Introjection
(accepting another's believes as one's own), Projection (unconscious blaming in-
clinations on external object), Rationalization, Reaction Formation (think opposite),
Regression (moving back a developmental stage to feel safe), Repression, Resis-
tance, Sublimation (Substituting a socially acceptable activity for an impulse that is
unacceptable), Substitution, Suppression, Undoing
11. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Oral: birth to 18 months,
Major site of tension and gratification is the mouth, lips, and tongue; includes biting
and sucking activities. Id is present at birth. Ego develops gradually from rudimentary
structure present at birth.
12. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Anal: 18-36 months, Anus
and surrounding areas are major source of interest, voluntary sphincter control
acquired.
13. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Phallic/Oedipal: 3-5 years,
Genital is the focus of interest, stimulation, and excitement. Penis is organ of interest
for both sexes. Masturbation is common. Penis envy (wish to possess penis) is seen
in girls; oedipal complex (wish to marry opposite-sex parent and be rid of same-sex
parent) is seen in boys and girls.
14. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Latency: 5-11/13 years
Resolution of oedipal complex. Sexual drive channeled into socially appropriate
activities such as school work and sports. Formation of the superego. Final stage of
psychosexual development. 3/9
15. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Genital: 11-13 years Be-
gins with puberty and the biologic capacity for orgasm; involves the capacity for true
intimacy.
16. Transference Definition: occurs when the client displaces onto the therapist
attitudes and feelings that the client originally experienced in other relationships.
Transference patterns are automatic and unconscious in the therapeutic relation-
ship.
1. Psychotherapy Groups: The goal of a psychotherapy group is for members
to learn about their behavior and to make positive changes in their behavior by
interacting and communicating with others as a member of a group. Groups may be
organized around a specific medical diagnosis, such as depression, or a particular
issue
2. Mental Health Definition: Mental health: a state of emotional, psychological,
and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective
behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability
3. Mental Illness Definition: Mental Illness: Mental illness includes disorders that
affect mood, behavior, and thinking, such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety
disorders, and addictive disorders. Mental disorders often cause significant distress
or impaired functioning or both.
4. Levels of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing:: Levels of Psychiatric-Mental
Health Nursing:
Counseling, Interventions, Problem-Solving, Crisis Intervention, Stress Manage-
ment, Teach Skills, Encourage Independence, Administer Medications, Milieu Ther-
apy, Ect.
5. Components of Personality According to Freud: Id: The id is the part of one's
nature that reflects basic or innate desires such as pleasure-seeking behavior,
aggression, and sexual impulses. The id seeks instant gratification, causes impulsive
unthinking behavior, and has no regard for rules or social convention.
6. Components of Personality According to Freud: Superego: The superego is
the part of a person's nature that reflects moral and ethical concepts, values, and
parental and social expectations; therefore,
it is in direct opposition to the id. The
third component, the ego, is the balancing or mediating force between the id and
the superego.
7. Components of Personality According to Freud: Ego: The ego represents
mature and adaptive behavior that allows a person to function successfully in the
world. Freud believed that anxiety resulted from the ego's attempts to balance the
impulsive instincts of the id with the stringent rules of the superego.
8. Freud's 3 Levels of Awareness: Conscious refers to the perceptions, thoughts,
,and emotions that exist in the person's awareness, such as being aware of happy
feelings or thinking about a loved one.
Preconscious thoughts and emotions are not currently in the person's awareness,
but he or she can recall them with some effort—for example, an adult remembering
what he or she did, thought, or felt as a child.
The unconscious is the realm of thoughts and feelings that motivates a person even
though he or she is totally unaware of them.
2/9
, 9. Ego Defense Mechanism Definition:: Freud believed that the self, or ego, uses
ego defense mechanisms, which are methods of attempting to protect the self and
cope with basic drives or emotionally painful thoughts, feelings, or events
10. Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms: Compensation, Conversion, Denial,
Displacement, Dissociation, Fixation, Identification, Intellectualization, Introjection
(accepting another's believes as one's own), Projection (unconscious blaming in-
clinations on external object), Rationalization, Reaction Formation (think opposite),
Regression (moving back a developmental stage to feel safe), Repression, Resis-
tance, Sublimation (Substituting a socially acceptable activity for an impulse that is
unacceptable), Substitution, Suppression, Undoing
11. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Oral: birth to 18 months,
Major site of tension and gratification is the mouth, lips, and tongue; includes biting
and sucking activities. Id is present at birth. Ego develops gradually from rudimentary
structure present at birth.
12. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Anal: 18-36 months, Anus
and surrounding areas are major source of interest, voluntary sphincter control
acquired.
13. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Phallic/Oedipal: 3-5 years,
Genital is the focus of interest, stimulation, and excitement. Penis is organ of interest
for both sexes. Masturbation is common. Penis envy (wish to possess penis) is seen
in girls; oedipal complex (wish to marry opposite-sex parent and be rid of same-sex
parent) is seen in boys and girls.
14. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Latency: 5-11/13 years
Resolution of oedipal complex. Sexual drive channeled into socially appropriate
activities such as school work and sports. Formation of the superego. Final stage of
psychosexual development. 3/9
15. Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Developement: Genital: 11-13 years Be-
gins with puberty and the biologic capacity for orgasm; involves the capacity for true
intimacy.
16. Transference Definition: occurs when the client displaces onto the therapist
attitudes and feelings that the client originally experienced in other relationships.
Transference patterns are automatic and unconscious in the therapeutic relation-
ship.
