NUR 322 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026
A nurse volunteering at the free clinic in her community informs a client seeking treatment for
hypertension that the family's children may qualify for enrollment in the State Children's Health
Insurance Program (SCHIP). The nurse's intervention can reduce health disparities for these
vulnerable children by making a referral to a program that provides:
1) direct financial subsidies for children.
2) funds to insure currently uninsured children.
3) outreach efforts to enroll eligible children in Medicaid.
4) prospective payments for child services. - Answers ANS: 2
funds to insure currently uninsured children.Title XXI of the Social Security Act provides for the State
Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) to provide funds to insure currently uninsured children.
The SCHIP program is jointly funded by the Federal and State governments and administered by the
states. Using broad Federal guidelines, each state designs its own program, determines who is eligible
for benefits, sets the payment levels, and decides upon the administrative and operating procedures.
The program is subject to change when states undergo budget reductions.
outreach efforts to enroll eligible children in
Vulnerable populations may be exposed to more than one hazard at a time. This is known as:
1) cumulative risk
2) disenfranchised populations.
3) resilience.
4) underserved populations. - Answers ANS: 1
cumulative risk.
Vulnerable populations often experience multiple cumulative risks, and they are particularly sensitive
to the effects of those risks. Risks come from environmental hazards (e.g., lead exposure from lead-
based paint from peeling walls or that which has been used in toy manufacturing or melamine added
to milk supplies), social hazards (e.g., crime, violence), personal behavior (e.g., diet, exercise habits,
smoking), or biological or genetic makeup (e.g., congenital addiction, compromised immune status)
A nurse participates with a community planning board addressing housing strategies and future
community needs. The nurse is aware that the community has a population of homeless families
served by local churches. The nurse is also aware that this agricultural community relies on migrant
workers during seasonal harvesting of local produce. The nurse is concerned that these
disenfranchised populations may be:
1) complicated to address.
2) costly to serve.
3) invisible to the community
4) resilient to the community - Answers ANS: 3
invisible to the community.
Disenfranchisement refers to a feeling of separation from mainstream society. Groups such as the
poor, the homeless, and migrant workers are "invisible" to society as a whole and forgotten in health
and social planning. Vulnerable populations are at risk for disenfranchisement because their social
supports are generally weak, as are their links with formal community organizations.
A city uses the local media (radio, television, and newspapers) to post ratings of air quality on days
when the air quality is poor. This notification is directed toward older adults, very young members of
the community, and those with chronic breathing problems. These groups are an example of:
1) disenfranchised populations.
2) disadvantaged populations
3) vulnerability.
4) vulnerable populations - Answers ANS: 4
vulnerable populations.
Vulnerable populations are those groups who have an increased risk to develop adverse outcomes. A
vulnerable population group is a subgroup of the population, more likely to develop health problems
as a result of exposure to risk or to have worse outcomes from a health problem than is the rest of
the population. The risks are often cumulative risks from environmental hazards, personal behavior,
or biological or genetic makeup.
A nurse in community health directly contacts a mammography clinic to arrange an appointment for a
female migrant worker with limited English language abilities. The nurse communicates with the
,client through an interpreter to ensure that the client's appointment is scheduled to meet her needs
and that the client understands the procedure to be performed. This strategy used with vulnerable
populations can best be described as:
1) advocacy
2)culturally competent care.
3) partnership.
4) social justice - Answers ANS: 1
advocacy.
Advocacy refers to those actions one undertakes on behalf of another. Nurses may function as
advocates for vulnerable populations by working for the passage and implementation of policies that
lead to improved public health services for these populations.
Which of the following are factors that may contribute to vulnerability? select all:
1) exercise habits
2) crime
3) peeling lead pain
4) social isolation
5) illiteracy - Answers ANS: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Vulnerability results from the combined effects of limited resources. Limitations in physical resources,
environmental resources, personal resources (or human capital), and biopsychosocial resources (e.g.,
the presence of illness, genetic predispositions) combine to cause vulnerability. Poverty, limited social
support, and working in a hazardous environment are examples of limitations in physical and
environmental resources. People with preexisting illnesses, such as those with communicable or
infectious diseases or those with chronic illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, or chronic airway
disease, have less physical ability to cope with stress than those without such physical problems
A young adult with a history of prior parental abuse recently has been diagnosed with a stress-related
illness. The individual works at a local convenience store, earning a little more than the federal
poverty level, but receives no health benefits. This individual is predisposed to the development of:
1) poverty
2) resilience
3) risk
4) vulnerability - Answers ANS: 4
Vulnerability results from the combined effects of limited resources. Limitations in physical resources,
environmental resources, personal resources (or human capital), and biopsychosocial resources (e.g.,
the presence of illness, genetic predispositions) combine to cause vulnerability. Poverty, limited social
support, and working in a hazardous environment are examples of limitations in physical and
environmental resources.
The most critical strategy that can be used by nurses in community health to improve the health
status of migrant workers that spend only a few months in a geographic location is to:
1) conduct a comprehensive assessment and formulate a plan for treatment.
2) establish a long-term trust relationship to prevent disappointment.
3) schedule appointments for appropriate immunizations for the children.
4) use every opportunity to teach about preventive health care. - Answers ANS: 4
Focus on prevention. Use every opportunity to teach about preventive health care. A single client visit
may focus on an acute health problem such as influenza, but it may also include health education
about diet and exercise, counseling for smoking cessation, and a follow-up appointment for
immunizations once the influenza is over. The shift away from hospital-based care includes a renewed
commitment to the public health services that vulnerable populations need to prevent illness and
promote health, such as reductions of environmental hazards and violence and assurance of safe food
and water.
Health education is often used as a strategy in working with vulnerable populations. The benefits of
health education can be greatly affected by:
1) Dependency cylce
2) health literacy
3) income level
4) race and ethnicity - Answers ANS: 2
A new concern for public nurses and nurses in community health is whether the populations with
whom they work have adequate health literacy to benefit from health education. It may be necessary
, to collaborate with an educator, an interpreter, or an expert in health communications to design
messages that vulnerable individuals and groups can understand and use.
A poor, older Native Alaskan woman lives in a small, remote village near the Canadian border. She has
been diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes but rarely makes it to the regional clinic in a distant
town for checkups. This woman is most at risk for:
1) disenfranchisement.
2) health disparities.
3) loss of independence.
4) resilience. - Answers ANS: 2
Vulnerable populations often have worse health outcomes than other people in terms of morbidity
and mortality. These groups have a high prevalence of chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, and
high levels of communicable diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B, and sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs), as well as upper respiratory tract infections, including influenza. They
also have higher mortality rates than the general population because of factors such as poor living
conditions, diet, and health status, as well as crime and violence, including domestic violence.
Disenfranchisement refers to a feeling of separation from mainstream society. The person does not
seem to have an emotional connection with any group in particular or with the larger society.
Public health nursing is a specialty with a distinct focus and scope of practice and requires a special
knowledge base different from other specialty areas of nursing. A public health nurse would first be
interested in:
1) drug treatments for diabetes.
2) populations with the highest rate of diabetes.
3) educational materials for individuals with diabetes.
4) new technology for diabetic care. - Answers ANS: 2
The primary focus that has differentiated public health nursing from other specialties has been the
emphasis on the population rather than on individuals or families. The primary goal of public health—
the prevention of disease and disability—is achieved by ensuring that conditions exist in which people
can remain healthy. Diabetes care and educational materials are provided to individuals and families
by a nurse in the community or institutional setting.
In a community clinic that screens and treats individuals for cardiovascular disorders, the nurse
practicing public health/population-focused nursing would most likely ascertain:
1) a holistic treatment plan
2) a specific clinical diagnosis
3) individual dietary interventions for cardiovascular disorders
4) the prevalence rate of cardiovascular disorders among various groups. - Answers ANS: 4
A public health nurse in a community clinic engaged in population-focused practice would ask the
following questions:
-What is the prevalence rate of the diagnosis or condition among various age, race, and gender
groups?
-Which subpopulations have the highest rates of untreated diagnosis or condition?
-What programs could reduce the problem of untreated diagnosis/condition and decrease the risk for
further morbidity and mortality?
Public health nurses are typically concerned with more than one subpopulation, and they often deal
with the health of the entire community. Assessment, one of the public health core functions, is a
logical first step in examining a community setting to determine its health status.
A nurse in a clinic that provides direct care services to clients with tuberculosis would be classified as
practicing:
1) community-based nursing
2) community-oriented nursing.
3) institutional nursing.
4) public health nursing. - Answers ANS: 1
The nurse practicing as a community-based nurse is more likely to give direct care to people than are
nurses who practice from a community-oriented framework. A community-oriented framework
includes community-oriented nursing and public health nursing. Institutional nursing care is generally
delivered in a hospital or nursing home setting.
Jennifer is a nurse in a family medicine clinic. Today she is assessing Jose, a 4-year-old who is being
seen for an earache. The type of nursing Jennifer practices is:
A nurse volunteering at the free clinic in her community informs a client seeking treatment for
hypertension that the family's children may qualify for enrollment in the State Children's Health
Insurance Program (SCHIP). The nurse's intervention can reduce health disparities for these
vulnerable children by making a referral to a program that provides:
1) direct financial subsidies for children.
2) funds to insure currently uninsured children.
3) outreach efforts to enroll eligible children in Medicaid.
4) prospective payments for child services. - Answers ANS: 2
funds to insure currently uninsured children.Title XXI of the Social Security Act provides for the State
Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) to provide funds to insure currently uninsured children.
The SCHIP program is jointly funded by the Federal and State governments and administered by the
states. Using broad Federal guidelines, each state designs its own program, determines who is eligible
for benefits, sets the payment levels, and decides upon the administrative and operating procedures.
The program is subject to change when states undergo budget reductions.
outreach efforts to enroll eligible children in
Vulnerable populations may be exposed to more than one hazard at a time. This is known as:
1) cumulative risk
2) disenfranchised populations.
3) resilience.
4) underserved populations. - Answers ANS: 1
cumulative risk.
Vulnerable populations often experience multiple cumulative risks, and they are particularly sensitive
to the effects of those risks. Risks come from environmental hazards (e.g., lead exposure from lead-
based paint from peeling walls or that which has been used in toy manufacturing or melamine added
to milk supplies), social hazards (e.g., crime, violence), personal behavior (e.g., diet, exercise habits,
smoking), or biological or genetic makeup (e.g., congenital addiction, compromised immune status)
A nurse participates with a community planning board addressing housing strategies and future
community needs. The nurse is aware that the community has a population of homeless families
served by local churches. The nurse is also aware that this agricultural community relies on migrant
workers during seasonal harvesting of local produce. The nurse is concerned that these
disenfranchised populations may be:
1) complicated to address.
2) costly to serve.
3) invisible to the community
4) resilient to the community - Answers ANS: 3
invisible to the community.
Disenfranchisement refers to a feeling of separation from mainstream society. Groups such as the
poor, the homeless, and migrant workers are "invisible" to society as a whole and forgotten in health
and social planning. Vulnerable populations are at risk for disenfranchisement because their social
supports are generally weak, as are their links with formal community organizations.
A city uses the local media (radio, television, and newspapers) to post ratings of air quality on days
when the air quality is poor. This notification is directed toward older adults, very young members of
the community, and those with chronic breathing problems. These groups are an example of:
1) disenfranchised populations.
2) disadvantaged populations
3) vulnerability.
4) vulnerable populations - Answers ANS: 4
vulnerable populations.
Vulnerable populations are those groups who have an increased risk to develop adverse outcomes. A
vulnerable population group is a subgroup of the population, more likely to develop health problems
as a result of exposure to risk or to have worse outcomes from a health problem than is the rest of
the population. The risks are often cumulative risks from environmental hazards, personal behavior,
or biological or genetic makeup.
A nurse in community health directly contacts a mammography clinic to arrange an appointment for a
female migrant worker with limited English language abilities. The nurse communicates with the
,client through an interpreter to ensure that the client's appointment is scheduled to meet her needs
and that the client understands the procedure to be performed. This strategy used with vulnerable
populations can best be described as:
1) advocacy
2)culturally competent care.
3) partnership.
4) social justice - Answers ANS: 1
advocacy.
Advocacy refers to those actions one undertakes on behalf of another. Nurses may function as
advocates for vulnerable populations by working for the passage and implementation of policies that
lead to improved public health services for these populations.
Which of the following are factors that may contribute to vulnerability? select all:
1) exercise habits
2) crime
3) peeling lead pain
4) social isolation
5) illiteracy - Answers ANS: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Vulnerability results from the combined effects of limited resources. Limitations in physical resources,
environmental resources, personal resources (or human capital), and biopsychosocial resources (e.g.,
the presence of illness, genetic predispositions) combine to cause vulnerability. Poverty, limited social
support, and working in a hazardous environment are examples of limitations in physical and
environmental resources. People with preexisting illnesses, such as those with communicable or
infectious diseases or those with chronic illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, or chronic airway
disease, have less physical ability to cope with stress than those without such physical problems
A young adult with a history of prior parental abuse recently has been diagnosed with a stress-related
illness. The individual works at a local convenience store, earning a little more than the federal
poverty level, but receives no health benefits. This individual is predisposed to the development of:
1) poverty
2) resilience
3) risk
4) vulnerability - Answers ANS: 4
Vulnerability results from the combined effects of limited resources. Limitations in physical resources,
environmental resources, personal resources (or human capital), and biopsychosocial resources (e.g.,
the presence of illness, genetic predispositions) combine to cause vulnerability. Poverty, limited social
support, and working in a hazardous environment are examples of limitations in physical and
environmental resources.
The most critical strategy that can be used by nurses in community health to improve the health
status of migrant workers that spend only a few months in a geographic location is to:
1) conduct a comprehensive assessment and formulate a plan for treatment.
2) establish a long-term trust relationship to prevent disappointment.
3) schedule appointments for appropriate immunizations for the children.
4) use every opportunity to teach about preventive health care. - Answers ANS: 4
Focus on prevention. Use every opportunity to teach about preventive health care. A single client visit
may focus on an acute health problem such as influenza, but it may also include health education
about diet and exercise, counseling for smoking cessation, and a follow-up appointment for
immunizations once the influenza is over. The shift away from hospital-based care includes a renewed
commitment to the public health services that vulnerable populations need to prevent illness and
promote health, such as reductions of environmental hazards and violence and assurance of safe food
and water.
Health education is often used as a strategy in working with vulnerable populations. The benefits of
health education can be greatly affected by:
1) Dependency cylce
2) health literacy
3) income level
4) race and ethnicity - Answers ANS: 2
A new concern for public nurses and nurses in community health is whether the populations with
whom they work have adequate health literacy to benefit from health education. It may be necessary
, to collaborate with an educator, an interpreter, or an expert in health communications to design
messages that vulnerable individuals and groups can understand and use.
A poor, older Native Alaskan woman lives in a small, remote village near the Canadian border. She has
been diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes but rarely makes it to the regional clinic in a distant
town for checkups. This woman is most at risk for:
1) disenfranchisement.
2) health disparities.
3) loss of independence.
4) resilience. - Answers ANS: 2
Vulnerable populations often have worse health outcomes than other people in terms of morbidity
and mortality. These groups have a high prevalence of chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, and
high levels of communicable diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B, and sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs), as well as upper respiratory tract infections, including influenza. They
also have higher mortality rates than the general population because of factors such as poor living
conditions, diet, and health status, as well as crime and violence, including domestic violence.
Disenfranchisement refers to a feeling of separation from mainstream society. The person does not
seem to have an emotional connection with any group in particular or with the larger society.
Public health nursing is a specialty with a distinct focus and scope of practice and requires a special
knowledge base different from other specialty areas of nursing. A public health nurse would first be
interested in:
1) drug treatments for diabetes.
2) populations with the highest rate of diabetes.
3) educational materials for individuals with diabetes.
4) new technology for diabetic care. - Answers ANS: 2
The primary focus that has differentiated public health nursing from other specialties has been the
emphasis on the population rather than on individuals or families. The primary goal of public health—
the prevention of disease and disability—is achieved by ensuring that conditions exist in which people
can remain healthy. Diabetes care and educational materials are provided to individuals and families
by a nurse in the community or institutional setting.
In a community clinic that screens and treats individuals for cardiovascular disorders, the nurse
practicing public health/population-focused nursing would most likely ascertain:
1) a holistic treatment plan
2) a specific clinical diagnosis
3) individual dietary interventions for cardiovascular disorders
4) the prevalence rate of cardiovascular disorders among various groups. - Answers ANS: 4
A public health nurse in a community clinic engaged in population-focused practice would ask the
following questions:
-What is the prevalence rate of the diagnosis or condition among various age, race, and gender
groups?
-Which subpopulations have the highest rates of untreated diagnosis or condition?
-What programs could reduce the problem of untreated diagnosis/condition and decrease the risk for
further morbidity and mortality?
Public health nurses are typically concerned with more than one subpopulation, and they often deal
with the health of the entire community. Assessment, one of the public health core functions, is a
logical first step in examining a community setting to determine its health status.
A nurse in a clinic that provides direct care services to clients with tuberculosis would be classified as
practicing:
1) community-based nursing
2) community-oriented nursing.
3) institutional nursing.
4) public health nursing. - Answers ANS: 1
The nurse practicing as a community-based nurse is more likely to give direct care to people than are
nurses who practice from a community-oriented framework. A community-oriented framework
includes community-oriented nursing and public health nursing. Institutional nursing care is generally
delivered in a hospital or nursing home setting.
Jennifer is a nurse in a family medicine clinic. Today she is assessing Jose, a 4-year-old who is being
seen for an earache. The type of nursing Jennifer practices is:
