NSG 3280 - Exam 2 Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) 2026
Skin main functions - CORRECT ANSWER -Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, fluid
balance, and vitamin D synthesis.
Epidermis characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Avascular outer skin layer that produces keratin
and contains melanocytes.
Dermis characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascular skin layer containing sebaceous/oil glands
plus collagen and elastin.
Subcutaneous tissue characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Deep layer made of fat and connective
tissue; provides energy storage.
Aging skin: cell turnover - CORRECT ANSWER -Cell turnover decreases with age, increasing
infection risk and slowing healing.
Aging skin: thickness vs sun exposure - CORRECT ANSWER -Advanced age thins skin; chronic
sun/UV exposure thickens skin through DNA damage.
Aging skin: vascularity - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascularity decreases with age, so skin receives less
oxygen from the blood.
Aging skin: strength and elasticity - CORRECT ANSWER -Skin strength and elasticity decrease
with age.
,Aging skin: vascular fragility - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascular fragility increases with age,
increasing bruising and injury risk.
Aging skin: melanin - CORRECT ANSWER -Melanin production decreases with age, contributing
to white/gray hair.
Aging skin: sebum - CORRECT ANSWER -Sebum/oil production decreases with age, causing dry
skin.
Aging skin: sweating - CORRECT ANSWER -Sweat production decreases with age, impairing
thermoregulation.
Primary skin lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Lesions as they originally appear on intact skin;
remember primary = problem begins/pops up first.
Secondary skin lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Lesions modified from the original appearance by
scratching, spreading, scarring, breaking, infection, or healing.
Verrucae/warts - CORRECT ANSWER -Benign viral growths caused by papillomavirus; may
resolve spontaneously.
HSV general concept - CORRECT ANSWER -Herpes simplex virus is recurrent, spreads by direct
contact or mucous membranes/sex, and lives latent in nerves.
HSV reactivation triggers - CORRECT ANSWER -Stress, decreased immunity, menstruation, and
sun/UV exposure can reactivate HSV.
HSV prodrome - CORRECT ANSWER -Burning or tingling sensation 24-48 hours before lesions
appear; occurs because latent virus reactivates in nerves and irritates them.
, HSV lesion progression - CORRECT ANSWER -Burning/tingling and redness progress to vesicles,
then pustules, ulcers, and crusting; healing may take about 10-14 days.
HSV-1 usual location - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually above the waist: lips, face, and mouth.
HSV-1 nerve location - CORRECT ANSWER -Typically resides in the trigeminal nerve/ganglion of
the face.
HSV-2 usual location - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually below the waist and responsible for genital
infections.
HSV-2 nerve location - CORRECT ANSWER -Often resides in the sacral nerve ganglia; lesions
erupt in the genital region.
HSV blood test - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects HSV exposure; shows past exposure and does not
always mean active infection.
HSV swab test - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects active HSV infection from a lesion.
HSV antivirals - CORRECT ANSWER -Acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir suppress replication;
they do not cure HSV.
HSV antiviral benefits - CORRECT ANSWER -Shorten outbreak duration, decrease severity,
reduce viral shedding, and decrease recurrence frequency.
HSV antiviral timing - CORRECT ANSWER -Most effective when started at the first
tingling/burning prodrome or early in the outbreak.
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) 2026
Skin main functions - CORRECT ANSWER -Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, fluid
balance, and vitamin D synthesis.
Epidermis characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Avascular outer skin layer that produces keratin
and contains melanocytes.
Dermis characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascular skin layer containing sebaceous/oil glands
plus collagen and elastin.
Subcutaneous tissue characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER -Deep layer made of fat and connective
tissue; provides energy storage.
Aging skin: cell turnover - CORRECT ANSWER -Cell turnover decreases with age, increasing
infection risk and slowing healing.
Aging skin: thickness vs sun exposure - CORRECT ANSWER -Advanced age thins skin; chronic
sun/UV exposure thickens skin through DNA damage.
Aging skin: vascularity - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascularity decreases with age, so skin receives less
oxygen from the blood.
Aging skin: strength and elasticity - CORRECT ANSWER -Skin strength and elasticity decrease
with age.
,Aging skin: vascular fragility - CORRECT ANSWER -Vascular fragility increases with age,
increasing bruising and injury risk.
Aging skin: melanin - CORRECT ANSWER -Melanin production decreases with age, contributing
to white/gray hair.
Aging skin: sebum - CORRECT ANSWER -Sebum/oil production decreases with age, causing dry
skin.
Aging skin: sweating - CORRECT ANSWER -Sweat production decreases with age, impairing
thermoregulation.
Primary skin lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Lesions as they originally appear on intact skin;
remember primary = problem begins/pops up first.
Secondary skin lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -Lesions modified from the original appearance by
scratching, spreading, scarring, breaking, infection, or healing.
Verrucae/warts - CORRECT ANSWER -Benign viral growths caused by papillomavirus; may
resolve spontaneously.
HSV general concept - CORRECT ANSWER -Herpes simplex virus is recurrent, spreads by direct
contact or mucous membranes/sex, and lives latent in nerves.
HSV reactivation triggers - CORRECT ANSWER -Stress, decreased immunity, menstruation, and
sun/UV exposure can reactivate HSV.
HSV prodrome - CORRECT ANSWER -Burning or tingling sensation 24-48 hours before lesions
appear; occurs because latent virus reactivates in nerves and irritates them.
, HSV lesion progression - CORRECT ANSWER -Burning/tingling and redness progress to vesicles,
then pustules, ulcers, and crusting; healing may take about 10-14 days.
HSV-1 usual location - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually above the waist: lips, face, and mouth.
HSV-1 nerve location - CORRECT ANSWER -Typically resides in the trigeminal nerve/ganglion of
the face.
HSV-2 usual location - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually below the waist and responsible for genital
infections.
HSV-2 nerve location - CORRECT ANSWER -Often resides in the sacral nerve ganglia; lesions
erupt in the genital region.
HSV blood test - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects HSV exposure; shows past exposure and does not
always mean active infection.
HSV swab test - CORRECT ANSWER -Detects active HSV infection from a lesion.
HSV antivirals - CORRECT ANSWER -Acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir suppress replication;
they do not cure HSV.
HSV antiviral benefits - CORRECT ANSWER -Shorten outbreak duration, decrease severity,
reduce viral shedding, and decrease recurrence frequency.
HSV antiviral timing - CORRECT ANSWER -Most effective when started at the first
tingling/burning prodrome or early in the outbreak.
