NUR 103 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 103 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026 What are the different types of learning style? - Answers Visual Auditory Kinesthetic Kinesthetic learning style - Answers the tendency to prefer demonstrations and physical activity involving bodily movement Auditory learning style - Answers learner is one who retains information better by hearing lectures or listening to music and tapes Visual learning style - Answers Uses visual objects such as graphs, charts, pictures, and seeing information purpose of goals/desired outcomes - Answers 1. Provide direction for planning nursing interventions 2. Serve as criteria for evaluating client progress 3. Enable the client and nurse to determine when the problem has been resolved 4. Help motivate the client and nurse by providing a sense of achievement SMART goals - Answers Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely Studying techniques - Answers 1. elaborate 2. generate and test 3. organize 4. take breaks 5. avoid illusions of learning Time management, calendars, post it notes, taking notes, concept mapping - Answers Studying success Florence Nightingale - Answers Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing. Clara Barton () - Answers Launched the American Red Cross in 1881. An "angel" in the Civil War, she treated the wounded in the field. Linda Richards () - Answers First trained nurse in America. Responsible for the development of the first nursing and hospital records. Credited with the development of our present-day documentation system. Mary Eliza Mahoney () - Answers The first African-American professional nurse; graduated from New England Hospital in 1879; worked for acceptance of African-Americans in the nursing profession Purpose of Nursing - Answers Health promotion, health maintenance, and health restoration, illness prevention, coping with death Nursing knowledge is based on ________ - Answers theoretical practice Nursing Philosophy - Answers Beliefs, values, ethics, attitudes, and accountability that guides the nursing profession Roles of the Professional Nurse - Answers Teach Advocate Assess Manage care care provider leader researcher manager Collaborate with other members of health care team 7 C's of nursing - Answers Communication Compassion Caring Competence Commitment Critical reasoning Complexity ANA defines nursing as - Answers the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations Nursing Standards of Practice - Answers Standards of professional performance and care. Measurement criteria for Standard V (5) by American Nurses Association are: 1.The nurse's practice is guided by the Code for Nurses. 2. The nurse maintains patient confidentiality within legal and regulatory parameters. 3. The nurse acts as a patient advocate and assists patients in developing skills so they can advocate for themselves. 4. The nurse delivers care in a non-judgemental and non-discriminatory manner that is sensitive to patient diversity. 5. The nurse delivers care in a manner that preserves or protects patient autonomy, dignity, and rights. 6. The nurse seeks available resources to help formulate ethical decisions. Nursing standards of practice define___________, ___________, ___________, and _________ - Answers Behaviors Attitudes Values Beliefs Attitudes are made up of three components: - Answers 1. Affective (emotional reaction) 2. Behavioral (actions or observable behavior) 3. Cognitive (thoughts and beliefs) altruism - Answers unselfish regard for the welfare of others autonomy - Answers independence, right to self-determination Cultural competence - Answers An understanding of how a patient's cultural background shapes his beliefs, values, and expectations for therapy. human dignity - Answers respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations integrity - Answers (n.) honesty, high moral standards; an unimpaired condition, completeness, soundness Social Justice - Answers the defense of human dignity by ensuring that essential human needs are met and that essential human rights are protected for all people moral distress - Answers occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action Values serve as guiding principles in peoples lives and may include? - Answers Freedom equality passion honesty wisdom compassion Beliefs are ideas that we hold as "true" assumptions about the world and how we live in it. Beliefs may be based on - Answers Religion/spirituality Politics Social Morality Economics Intellectual Behavior is thought to be based on their ________, ________, and _______ - Answers beliefs values attitudes What organization defines the rules and responsibilities for Nursing? - Answers ANA ANA code of ethics - Answers A guide for carrying out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations of the profession. HIPPA - Answers Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - Answers keep all patient information private unless it is required by another to perform continuation of care. give information to those who been granted access to the patients information (my husband, or anyone verbally or written consent for them to have access to) Code of Ethics for Nurses - Answers Integrity Respect Confidentiality & privacy Equity Knowledge practice Polite & courtesy Honesty Competency Responsibility Safety How do nurses prioritize patients health - Answers ABCs Maslows Physiological Maslows Safety How do nurses prevent illness? - Answers Primary: Prevention Secondary: Screening Tertiary: Therapy, patient now has the disease process but we help them with rehab and support Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answers (level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization Psychosocial health - Answers Well-being in the social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual dimensions of one's life. holistic health - Answers views the mind, body, and spirit as interdependent and functioning as a whole within the environment Oxygenation - Answers The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs. Pain and Comfort - Answers 1. Pain management - a patient right 2. "5th vital sign" 3. A key nursing quality indicator in acute care and nursing home setting 4. *Undertreated in older adults, especially in elders of color and cognitively impaired adults* -language & cultural heritage affect a patient's willingness to express the manifestations of pain Rest and Sleep - Answers Activities related to obtaining restorative rest and sleep to support healthy, active engagement in other occupations Hydration and Nutrition - Answers Generally considered ordinary means of life preservation Homeostasis - Answers A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level safety needs - Answers need to feel that the world is organized and predictable; need to feel safe, secure, and stable elimination - Answers act of removal of materials from the body; in the digestive system, the removal of indigestible materials as feces Mobility Needs - Answers Considerations for clients with physical limitations. hygiene - Answers conditions and practices that promote health Circulation/Perfusion - Answers The supply of nutrients and oxygen moving from the heart to the cells, organs and tissues via the blood vessels Skin Integrity - Answers Maintaining healthy skin to prevent breakdown. Nursing Process - Answers five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating Nursing Process: Assessment - Answers Collection of data from multiple sources Review of clinical record Interview Health history Physical examination Functional assessment Cultural and spiritual assessment Consultation Review of the literature nursing process: diagnosis - Answers The purpose of the diagnosing step is: Identify how an individual, group, or community responds to actual or potential health and life processes. Identify factors that contribute to, or cause, health problems (etiologies). Identify resources or strengths on which the individual, group, or community can draw to prevent or resolve problems. NANDA - Answers North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, purpose is to define, refine, and promote a taxonomy of nursing diagnostic terminology of general use to professional nurses. 3 parts of nursing diagnosis - Answers PES Problem - ex. acute pain Etiology - R/T tissue trauma Signs/Symptoms - AEB abdominal wound, rating of pain 8/10, facial grimacing, ^BP, moaning, guarding. Nursing process: planning - Answers -establish priorities -develop outcomes -set timelines for outcomes -identify interventions -integrate evidence-based trends and research -document plan of care How do you format the statement in planning? - Answers SMART goal Nursing smart goals - Answers Nursing process: Intervention - Answers Check vital signs before and after activity •Monitor labs and diagnostic reports (i.e ECG) •Assess level of fatigue and the precipitating causes •Provide assistance with self care and pace activities with periods of rest •Administer medications as per MD orders and measure effectiveness of drug therapy •Provide nutritional support Nursing process: Evaluation - Answers - Progress toward outcomes - Conduct systematic, ongoing, criterion-based evaluation - Include patient and significant others - Use ongoing assessment to revise diagnoses, outcomes, plan - Disseminate results to patient and family ADPIE - Answers • Assessment: 1st step, subjective and objective data • Diagnosis: analysis, formulation of nursing diagnosis • Planning: prioritizing problems, determining goals, plan of care • Implementation: nursing action (rather than medical action) • Evaluating: comparing outcomes, communicate and document findings SBAR communication - Answers (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) - framework for communication between members of the healthcare team about a patient's condition. collaboration - Answers the act of working together teamwork - Answers the combined action of a group of people, especially when effective and efficient. interdisciplinary team - Answers a group of health care professionals with varied medical educations, backgrounds, and experiences who work together to deliver the best possible care for each patient Intradisciplinary team - Answers -One or more members of one discipline evaluate, plan, and implement treatment of the individual -Other disciplines are not involved; communication is limited, thereby limiting perspectives on the case -This "team" is at risk due to potential narrowness of perspective -Comprehensive, holistic care can be questionable diversity - Answers the state of being diverse; variety. Accountability in Nursing - Answers Responsibility for actions and decisions in practice. Ownership responsibility in nursing - Answers Caring out duties associated with a particular role ISBARRQ - Answers Concept Mapping Nursing Diagnosis - Answers A concept map helps you critically think about a patient's diagnoses and how they relate to one another. Helps organize and link data about a patient's multiple diagnoses in a logical way. Graphically represents the connections among concepts that relate to a central subject. Delegation - Answers transferring responsibility to a person for a specific task 5 rights of delegation - Answers autonomy - Answers Benefecience - Answers principle of doing good Nonmaleficence - Answers The duty to do no harm to a patient; related nursing actions include avoiding doing any deliberate harm while rendering nursing care. fidelity - Answers Keep your promise, honesty, faithfulness Nursing Documentation - Answers Crucial to patient care because the majority of care delivered to inpatients is performed by nursing staff. Collecting information during assessment - Answers -Patient Subjective data Objective data -Labs -Open ended questions vs closed ended questions -Family 3 communication phases - Answers Orientation: Hello I'm Nurse Ill be doing this today Working: Assessment asking them questions Termination: Thank you thats all the questions i have for you if you need me call light Why do we treat patients holistically? - Answers Allows patients to reach autonomy and allows them to flourish Human Flourishing - Answers -Encouraging patients in their difficult times -Seeking additional resources for patients with limited discharge planning issues -Encouraging co-workers to seek employee assistance options for difficulties they are having -Create a positive, encouraging environment for patients and families Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - Answers a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of patients evidence-based practice - Answers PICOT - Answers P: Population I: Intervention C: Comparison O: Outcome T: Time What is the PICOT method? - Answers way of consoliding our purpose on doing literature research on specific topic to formulate what our goals are in an organized format so that we can use it to find appropriate research articles Magnet-status components - Answers tranformation leadership structural empowerment exemplary professional practice new knowledge/innovations/improvement empirical outcomes evidence-based practice pyramid. What is the lowest level? What is the top level? - Answers Lowest least reliable source Top is the most reliable source Spirituality - Answers anything that pertains to a person's relationship with a nonmaterial life force or higher power 5 stages of grief (Kubler-Ross) - Answers 1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance Advanced directives include - Answers • living will • durable power of attorney for health care decisions • DNR order: Do Not Resuscitate Patient's Bill of Rights - Answers summary of a patient's rights regarding fair treatment and appropriate information Importance of Nursing Theories - Answers - It provides the foundations of nursing practice - Helps to decide what we know and what we need to know - Aims to describe, predict, and explain the phenomenon in nursing - It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice - Maintains professional boundaries Importance of nursing organizations - Answers Professional development networking opportunities build nurse knowledge Advocate for nursing Share ideas and research multidisciplinary team - Answers a mix of practitioners from multiple disciplines who work together in a common setting but without an interactive relationship 5 C's of documentation - Answers Clarity, Conciseness, Completeness, Confidentiality, Chronological order Why do nurses document? - Answers Communication Quality assurance Legal responsibility Reimbursement Diagnosis & research Assessment & evaluation Education Statistics Healthcare planning Charting Guidelines - Answers -Content: Avoid generalization/use sequential order -Timing: Real time charting, use date and time always, never document prior -Format: Black inc, approved medical abbreviations -Accountability: Write single line through errors -Confidentiality Scientific method of inquiry and discovery - Answers Science of Nursing Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) - Answers Patient-Centered Care Teamwork and Collaboration Evidence-Based Practice Quality Improvement Safety Informatics quality - Answers consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer safety - Answers security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property Rights of Medication Administration - Answers Nursing errors - Answers •Omitting ≥ 1 of the Rights of Drug Administration •Failing to Perform an Agency System Check •Improperly Storing Medication on Unit •Inaccurate Preparation •Knowledge Deficit •Giving Medication Based on Verbal Orders •Giving a Medication Based on an Incomplete Order •Inaccurate Transcription •Practicing Under Stressful Work Conditions •Calculating and/or Measuring Doses Inaccurately Safety Strategies - Answers meet basic needs, reduce hazards that cause injury and decrease the transmission of pathogens 6 goals of safety strategies - Answers Identify patients correctly Improve effective communication Improve the safety of high-alert medication Ensure correct-site, correct procedure, correct-patient surgery Reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls Which scenario is an example of the laissez-faire approach to value transmission? - Answers Allowing a child to decide not to have an intravenous line inserted Nursing practice consistent with the Code of Ethics for Nurses includes which actions? Select all that apply. Delivering culturally safe care Empathizing with clients and establishing friendships when appropriate Acknowledging that the client is the focus and center of care and remains a part of the treatment team Protecting the client's right to confidentiality and privacy Assuming responsibility for care with limited collaboration with other health care professionals - Answers Delivering culturally safe care Acknowledging that the client is the focus and center of care and remains a part of the treatment team Protecting the client's right to confidentiality and privacy The nurse is involved in making a decision in an ethical dilemma. Drag and drop the steps of making this decision in correct order. Use all options. - Answers Describe the situation and the contextual factors involved. Determine that the situation is, indeed, an ethical dilemma. Identify personal and professional moral positions of those involved. Compare the outcome of actions with what was expected. Identify how this situation can help with future decision-making. A client continues to report pain despite receiving medication. The family states, "In our culture it is acceptable to vent frustration this way." What would be the best response by the nurse? - Answers Tell me more about your cultural beliefs. A home care nurse visits a client who is confined to bed and is cared for by an adult child with substance use disorder. The home is cluttered and unclean, and the nurse notes that the client is wet with urine and shows signs of dehydration. After caring for the client, the nurse contacts the health care provider and reports the incident to Adult Protective Services. What ethical principle is the nurse practicing? - Answers nonmaleficence Which action would cause a charge nurse to have concerns about a nurse's moral agency? - Answers The nurse was seen at a grocery store after calling in sick. An older adult female client has just informed their family that they do not want to have surgery if the biopsy on a lung mass shows malignancy. Which statement(s), made by family members, violate the concept of feminist ethics? Select all that apply. "Of course you would have the surgery." "Daddy will want you to have the surgery." "You need to do what the health care provider thinks is best for you." "Let's find out what your options are before making any decisions." "If it was me who was sick, you would want me to have the surgery." - Answers "Of course you would have the surgery." "Daddy will want you to have the surgery." "You need to do what the health care provider thinks is best for you." "If it was me who was sick, you would want me to have the surgery." Which example best describes feminist ethics? - Answers An approach critiquing existing patterns of oppression and domination in society A nurse is reviewing The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses. Based on this code, the nurse would identify which responsibilities as being fundamental? Select all that apply. Promoting health Preventing illness Restoring health Alleviating suffering Providing holistic care - Answers Promoting health Preventing illness Restoring health