NUR 257 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A client with a confirmed DVT is being discharged from the ED. Which client
statement indicates that the client has received proper nursing instruction and
understands how to manage this condition?
"I should try not to drink too much during the daytime."
"I should lie on my side with my knees bent when sleeping."
"I need to ice my leg every 2 hours for about 20 minutes."
"I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour."
Answer> "I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour."
2. A nurse is caring for a client who had an aortic balloon valvuloplasty. The
nurse should inspect the surgical insertion site closely for which complica-
tion(s)?
Bleeding and infection
Bleeding and wound dehiscence
Thrombosis and infection
Evisceration
Answer> Bleeding and infection
3. A client who recently had a myocardial infarction develops pericarditis and
complains of chest pain rated 6 (on a scale of 0-10) with deep breathing.
Which ordered pro re nata medications is most appropriate for the nurse to
administer?
Morphine sulfate 6 mg IVP every 2-4 hours
Fentanyl 2 mg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) every 2-4 hours
Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours
Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours
Answer> Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours
4. The nurse instructs a client recovering from mechanical valve replacement
surgery. Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
"I can play soccer in a week or two."
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
"I have a low risk of developing an infection in my heart."
,"I will not need to take anticoagulant medication every day."
Answer> "I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy following a mechan-
ical valve replacement. The client had a prothrombin time and International
Normalized Ratio (INR) drawn before breakfast. The laboratory report shows
the client's INR reading was 4. What is the nurse's first priority ?
Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.
Notify the next nurse on afternoon shift to hold the evening dose of warfarin.
Notify the health care provider to request an increase in the warfarin dose.
Be prepared to administer an I.M. vitamin K injection and notify the healthcare
,provider of the results.
Answer> Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care
provider of the results.
6. The nurse suspects a client has developed pericarditis after a week of
cold-like symptoms. Which of the client's signs and symptoms indicate peri-
carditis?
low urine output secondary to left ventricular dysfunction
fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
pitting edema, chest discomfort, and nonspecific ST-segment elevation
lethargy, anorexia, and heart failure
Answer> fever, chest discomfort, and elevated ery- throcyte sedimentation rate
(ESR)
7. A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. What assessment
findings would indicate the development of left ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea
Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea
Answer> Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
8. Which would the nurse stress as a periodic lifelong necessity for a client
managing infective endocarditis?
Exercise regimen
Antihypertensive medication
Potassium replacement
Antibiotic therapy
Answer> Antibiotic therapy
9. The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis.
The client is prescribed digoxin. What is the rationale for the medication?
left ventricular dysfunction
angina
dyspnea
edema
Answer> left ventricular dysfunction
, 10. A client is admitted to the hospital with possible acute pericarditis and
pericardial effusion. The nurse knows to prepare the client for which diagnos-
tic test to confirm the client's diagnosis?
Computed tomography
Echocardiography
Chest x-ray
Cardiac catheterization
Answer> Echocardiography
11. A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat and is
diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that early diagnosis
and effective treatment is essential to avoid which preventable disease?
1. A client with a confirmed DVT is being discharged from the ED. Which client
statement indicates that the client has received proper nursing instruction and
understands how to manage this condition?
"I should try not to drink too much during the daytime."
"I should lie on my side with my knees bent when sleeping."
"I need to ice my leg every 2 hours for about 20 minutes."
"I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour."
Answer> "I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour."
2. A nurse is caring for a client who had an aortic balloon valvuloplasty. The
nurse should inspect the surgical insertion site closely for which complica-
tion(s)?
Bleeding and infection
Bleeding and wound dehiscence
Thrombosis and infection
Evisceration
Answer> Bleeding and infection
3. A client who recently had a myocardial infarction develops pericarditis and
complains of chest pain rated 6 (on a scale of 0-10) with deep breathing.
Which ordered pro re nata medications is most appropriate for the nurse to
administer?
Morphine sulfate 6 mg IVP every 2-4 hours
Fentanyl 2 mg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) every 2-4 hours
Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours
Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours
Answer> Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours
4. The nurse instructs a client recovering from mechanical valve replacement
surgery. Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
"I can play soccer in a week or two."
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
"I have a low risk of developing an infection in my heart."
,"I will not need to take anticoagulant medication every day."
Answer> "I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy following a mechan-
ical valve replacement. The client had a prothrombin time and International
Normalized Ratio (INR) drawn before breakfast. The laboratory report shows
the client's INR reading was 4. What is the nurse's first priority ?
Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.
Notify the next nurse on afternoon shift to hold the evening dose of warfarin.
Notify the health care provider to request an increase in the warfarin dose.
Be prepared to administer an I.M. vitamin K injection and notify the healthcare
,provider of the results.
Answer> Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care
provider of the results.
6. The nurse suspects a client has developed pericarditis after a week of
cold-like symptoms. Which of the client's signs and symptoms indicate peri-
carditis?
low urine output secondary to left ventricular dysfunction
fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
pitting edema, chest discomfort, and nonspecific ST-segment elevation
lethargy, anorexia, and heart failure
Answer> fever, chest discomfort, and elevated ery- throcyte sedimentation rate
(ESR)
7. A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. What assessment
findings would indicate the development of left ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea
Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea
Answer> Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
8. Which would the nurse stress as a periodic lifelong necessity for a client
managing infective endocarditis?
Exercise regimen
Antihypertensive medication
Potassium replacement
Antibiotic therapy
Answer> Antibiotic therapy
9. The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis.
The client is prescribed digoxin. What is the rationale for the medication?
left ventricular dysfunction
angina
dyspnea
edema
Answer> left ventricular dysfunction
, 10. A client is admitted to the hospital with possible acute pericarditis and
pericardial effusion. The nurse knows to prepare the client for which diagnos-
tic test to confirm the client's diagnosis?
Computed tomography
Echocardiography
Chest x-ray
Cardiac catheterization
Answer> Echocardiography
11. A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat and is
diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that early diagnosis
and effective treatment is essential to avoid which preventable disease?
