FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING FINAL EXAM
2026-2027 SPRING-SUMMER QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
A nurse is interviewing a newly admitted patient. Which question would be
considered culturally sensitive?
A. "Do you think you will be able to eat the food we have here?"
B. "Do you understand that we can't prepare special meals?"
C. "What types of food do you eat for meals?"
D. "Why can't you just eat our food while you are here?"
C
Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse suspect after assessing the following
arterial blood gas values: pH, 7.30; PaCO2, 36 mm Hg; HCO3−, 14 mEq/L?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
C
When either the palm of the hand or the ball of the foot is touched, the digits wrap
around the object
,Grasp
pH normal values
7.35-7.45
A nurse is administering an oral medication to a patient via a gastric tube. The
nurse observes the medication enter the tube, and then the tube becomes clogged.
What would be the appropriate initial action of the nurse in this situation?
A. Attempt to dislodge the medication with a 10-mL syringe.
B. Notify the primary care provider.
C. Remove the tube and replace it with another tube.
D. Flush the tube with 60 mL of water.
A. If medication becomes clogged in a gastric tube, the nurse should attach a 10-
mL syringe on the end of the tube and pull back and lightly apply pressure to the
plunger in a repetitive motion to attempt to dislodge the medication. If the
medication does not move through the tube, the nurse should notify the primary
care provider, who may request the tube be replaced.
HCO3 normal values
22-26 mEq/L
When does menstruation return for lactating women?
,It's dependent on breast feeding frequency and duration. Anywhere from 2-18
months.
A nurse is teaching a novice nurse how to provide culturally competent care to
patients in a culturally diverse community health clinic. Although all of the
following are important to providing culturally competent nursing care, which one
is most basic?
A. Learning the predominant language of the community
B. Obtaining significant information about the community
C. Treating each patient at the clinic as an individual
D. Recognizing the importance of the patient's family
C
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a 26-year-old female patient
who is the victim. The patient has minor scrapes and bruises and tells the nurse,
"I've never been so scared in my life." What other symptoms would the nurse
expect to find related to the fight-or-flight response to stress? Select all that apply.
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased muscle strength
C. Increased mental alertness
D. Increased blood glucose levels
E. Decreased cardiac output
F. Decreased peristalsis
, A, C, D The sympathetic nervous system functions under stress to bring about the
fight-or-flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle strength,
increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose levels, and increasing mental
alertness. Increased peristalsis is brought on by the parasympathetic nervous
system under normal conditions and at rest.
Risk factors that we can do something about
Modifiable risk factors
Sodium normal values
135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal values
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Vaginal discharge that occurs after birth and continues for approximately 4-8
weeks
Lochia
Jean's attorney was careful to explain in her defense that Jean had specialty
knowledge, experience, and clinical judgment and had met certain criteria
established by a nongovernmental association, as a result of which she was granted
recognition in a specified practice area. What is this sort of credential called?
2026-2027 SPRING-SUMMER QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
A nurse is interviewing a newly admitted patient. Which question would be
considered culturally sensitive?
A. "Do you think you will be able to eat the food we have here?"
B. "Do you understand that we can't prepare special meals?"
C. "What types of food do you eat for meals?"
D. "Why can't you just eat our food while you are here?"
C
Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse suspect after assessing the following
arterial blood gas values: pH, 7.30; PaCO2, 36 mm Hg; HCO3−, 14 mEq/L?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
C
When either the palm of the hand or the ball of the foot is touched, the digits wrap
around the object
,Grasp
pH normal values
7.35-7.45
A nurse is administering an oral medication to a patient via a gastric tube. The
nurse observes the medication enter the tube, and then the tube becomes clogged.
What would be the appropriate initial action of the nurse in this situation?
A. Attempt to dislodge the medication with a 10-mL syringe.
B. Notify the primary care provider.
C. Remove the tube and replace it with another tube.
D. Flush the tube with 60 mL of water.
A. If medication becomes clogged in a gastric tube, the nurse should attach a 10-
mL syringe on the end of the tube and pull back and lightly apply pressure to the
plunger in a repetitive motion to attempt to dislodge the medication. If the
medication does not move through the tube, the nurse should notify the primary
care provider, who may request the tube be replaced.
HCO3 normal values
22-26 mEq/L
When does menstruation return for lactating women?
,It's dependent on breast feeding frequency and duration. Anywhere from 2-18
months.
A nurse is teaching a novice nurse how to provide culturally competent care to
patients in a culturally diverse community health clinic. Although all of the
following are important to providing culturally competent nursing care, which one
is most basic?
A. Learning the predominant language of the community
B. Obtaining significant information about the community
C. Treating each patient at the clinic as an individual
D. Recognizing the importance of the patient's family
C
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a 26-year-old female patient
who is the victim. The patient has minor scrapes and bruises and tells the nurse,
"I've never been so scared in my life." What other symptoms would the nurse
expect to find related to the fight-or-flight response to stress? Select all that apply.
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased muscle strength
C. Increased mental alertness
D. Increased blood glucose levels
E. Decreased cardiac output
F. Decreased peristalsis
, A, C, D The sympathetic nervous system functions under stress to bring about the
fight-or-flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle strength,
increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose levels, and increasing mental
alertness. Increased peristalsis is brought on by the parasympathetic nervous
system under normal conditions and at rest.
Risk factors that we can do something about
Modifiable risk factors
Sodium normal values
135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal values
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Vaginal discharge that occurs after birth and continues for approximately 4-8
weeks
Lochia
Jean's attorney was careful to explain in her defense that Jean had specialty
knowledge, experience, and clinical judgment and had met certain criteria
established by a nongovernmental association, as a result of which she was granted
recognition in a specified practice area. What is this sort of credential called?
