PEDS EXAM 3 FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION BUNDLE
ACCURATE CONTENT
●● Cleft Palate
Answer: visible or palpable opening in palate
repaired 9-18 months
●● Cleft lip/palate overall and post op
Answer: nutritional assessment before and after (consult nutrition and
speech therapy)
post op- no nos (prevent putting things in mouth), assess site for
infection, avoid pacifiers and hard objects and anything in mouth
(including fingers) because you don't want to disrupt sutures and
increase infection risk
●● Complications related to cleft lip/palate
Answer: feeding- suck is not as coordinated and does not have good seal
which leads to sucking in more air, more gas due to opening (crabby
during feedings)
otitis media infections- due to increase air
,Dental issues- pattern to presence of primary teeth, teeth come in wonky
because of malalignment of palate
speech- tongue touches palate to speak, may not hear first sounds as
early, delayed some talking milestones (da da)
●● Meckel's Diverticulum
Answer: complication secondary to failure of omphalomesenteric duct to
fuse during embryonic development
s/s- painless rectal bleeding, abd pain, bloody mucus stools, usually in
first or second year of life
dx- meckel's scan tx- removal of diverticulum, IV fluids
●● Omphalocele
Answer: internal organs eviscerate through sac in umbilical cord, organs
are covered just need pushed back in (surgery), dress saline soaked
gauze and impermeable dressing at delivery (keep moist), protect sac,
prevent hypothermia and infection, and provide comfort measures and
nutritional support
●● Gastroschisis
,Answer: intestines are outside the body through a hole in the abdominal
wall near umbilicus; no sac covering organs
promp surgical intervention required, may have respiratory distress
(extra pressure on diaphragm)
silo babies- cover to protect organs (moist and infection)
delayed nutrition
●● Anorectal malformations
Answer: stenosis, prolapse, or atresia
dilation (dilation) or surgical intervention (other two) commonly used
may have temporary ostomy to allow for healing so anus can heal
avoid placing anything in rectum (no rectal temps especially in post op)
●● Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Answer: communication between thoracic and abdominal cavities
severe respiratory distress; auscultatory changes (hear bowel sounds up
near heart and lung sounds)
requires intubation and surgical repair
poor prognosis and significant morbidity
requires NICU admission (significant respiratory and GI issues,
intubated and quick intervention)
●● Esophageal atresia
, Answer: upper and lower portions of esophagus are disconnected
●● Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)
Answer: Rare malformation where the trachea and esophagus fail to
separate into distinct structures (by fourth week of gestation)
connection between the two is unknown
●● Esophageal and TEF
Answer: presents with frothing and bubbling at the mouth, excess
salivation, cyanosis, coughing, choking (feeding exacerbates)
birth weight is often lower than average and associated with increased
incidence of preterm delivery and/or polyhydramnios
SURGICAL EMERGENCY
may require gastronomy tube or TPN until repaired and recovered
●● Dehydration
Answer: Peds are more vulnerable (overall less volume, compensate
well until they don't)
decreased intake, increased output, and increased insensible loss
(wound, sweat, moisture)
fluid replacement (oral rehydration for mild and moderate, IV for
severe)
intervene quickly to prevent hypovolemic shock and vascular collapse
AND ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION BUNDLE
ACCURATE CONTENT
●● Cleft Palate
Answer: visible or palpable opening in palate
repaired 9-18 months
●● Cleft lip/palate overall and post op
Answer: nutritional assessment before and after (consult nutrition and
speech therapy)
post op- no nos (prevent putting things in mouth), assess site for
infection, avoid pacifiers and hard objects and anything in mouth
(including fingers) because you don't want to disrupt sutures and
increase infection risk
●● Complications related to cleft lip/palate
Answer: feeding- suck is not as coordinated and does not have good seal
which leads to sucking in more air, more gas due to opening (crabby
during feedings)
otitis media infections- due to increase air
,Dental issues- pattern to presence of primary teeth, teeth come in wonky
because of malalignment of palate
speech- tongue touches palate to speak, may not hear first sounds as
early, delayed some talking milestones (da da)
●● Meckel's Diverticulum
Answer: complication secondary to failure of omphalomesenteric duct to
fuse during embryonic development
s/s- painless rectal bleeding, abd pain, bloody mucus stools, usually in
first or second year of life
dx- meckel's scan tx- removal of diverticulum, IV fluids
●● Omphalocele
Answer: internal organs eviscerate through sac in umbilical cord, organs
are covered just need pushed back in (surgery), dress saline soaked
gauze and impermeable dressing at delivery (keep moist), protect sac,
prevent hypothermia and infection, and provide comfort measures and
nutritional support
●● Gastroschisis
,Answer: intestines are outside the body through a hole in the abdominal
wall near umbilicus; no sac covering organs
promp surgical intervention required, may have respiratory distress
(extra pressure on diaphragm)
silo babies- cover to protect organs (moist and infection)
delayed nutrition
●● Anorectal malformations
Answer: stenosis, prolapse, or atresia
dilation (dilation) or surgical intervention (other two) commonly used
may have temporary ostomy to allow for healing so anus can heal
avoid placing anything in rectum (no rectal temps especially in post op)
●● Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Answer: communication between thoracic and abdominal cavities
severe respiratory distress; auscultatory changes (hear bowel sounds up
near heart and lung sounds)
requires intubation and surgical repair
poor prognosis and significant morbidity
requires NICU admission (significant respiratory and GI issues,
intubated and quick intervention)
●● Esophageal atresia
, Answer: upper and lower portions of esophagus are disconnected
●● Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)
Answer: Rare malformation where the trachea and esophagus fail to
separate into distinct structures (by fourth week of gestation)
connection between the two is unknown
●● Esophageal and TEF
Answer: presents with frothing and bubbling at the mouth, excess
salivation, cyanosis, coughing, choking (feeding exacerbates)
birth weight is often lower than average and associated with increased
incidence of preterm delivery and/or polyhydramnios
SURGICAL EMERGENCY
may require gastronomy tube or TPN until repaired and recovered
●● Dehydration
Answer: Peds are more vulnerable (overall less volume, compensate
well until they don't)
decreased intake, increased output, and increased insensible loss
(wound, sweat, moisture)
fluid replacement (oral rehydration for mild and moderate, IV for
severe)
intervene quickly to prevent hypovolemic shock and vascular collapse
