PEDS HESI FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION BUNDLE
ACCURATE CONTENT
●● The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis
about respiratory treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that
the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory
infection.
Answer: Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage
before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when
performed after nebulization and before meals (C) or at least 1 hour after
eating to prevent nausea and vomiting. Postural drainage uses gravity to
promote mucous removal after nebulization (A) treatments which open
the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments should be
given 3 to 4 times daily, not episodically (B and D).
,●● A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V)
for acne vulgaris. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to
include in this client's teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular.
Answer: Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur with minimal sun
exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to use
sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not related to tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. (C) should be avoided because dairy products
interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines.
●● What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the
plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting.
Answer: Observe for projectile vomiting.
,Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to metabolic alkalosis (A), is
the classic sign of pyloric stenosis. (B) is not indicated. (C) is dangerous,
due to the potential for aspiration with frequent vomiting.
●● An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery
is planned to correct the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical
correction is designed to achieve which outcome?
Stop the flow of unoxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
Increase the flow of unoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
Reduce peripheral tissue hypoxia and nailbed clubbing
Answer: Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
Closure of VSDs stops oxygenated blood from being shunted from the
left ventricle to the right ventricle (C). VSDs are acyanotic defects,
which means that no unoxygenated blood enters the systemic circulation
(A and B). (D) is common with Tetrology of Fallot, which is a cyanotic
defect.
●● A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a
home birth. The mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes
only and then falls asleep. The nurse auscultates a loud murmur
characteristic of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the
newborn is acyanotic with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute.
What instruction should the nurse provide the mother to ensure the
infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select all that apply.)
, A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day.
B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
C. Mix the dose of prophylactic antibiotic in a full bottle of formula.
D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed on demand or every 2 hours.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.
Answer: A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers
per day.
B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed on demand or every 2 hours.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for infants with VSDs, but
should not be mixed in a bottle of formula (C) because it is difficult to
ensure that the total dose is consumed.
They should be monitored for weight gain and at least 6 wet diapers per
day (A). A one-month old infant should ingest 2 to 4 ounces of formula
per feeding and progress to about 30 ounces per day by 4-months of age
(B)
●● Preoperative nursing care for a child with Wilms' tumor should
include which intervention?
Gently percuss the abdomen for evidence of trapped air.
Observe the abdomen for any noticeable discolorations.
ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION BUNDLE
ACCURATE CONTENT
●● The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis
about respiratory treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that
the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory
infection.
Answer: Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage
before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when
performed after nebulization and before meals (C) or at least 1 hour after
eating to prevent nausea and vomiting. Postural drainage uses gravity to
promote mucous removal after nebulization (A) treatments which open
the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments should be
given 3 to 4 times daily, not episodically (B and D).
,●● A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V)
for acne vulgaris. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to
include in this client's teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular.
Answer: Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur with minimal sun
exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to use
sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not related to tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. (C) should be avoided because dairy products
interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines.
●● What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the
plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting.
Answer: Observe for projectile vomiting.
,Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to metabolic alkalosis (A), is
the classic sign of pyloric stenosis. (B) is not indicated. (C) is dangerous,
due to the potential for aspiration with frequent vomiting.
●● An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery
is planned to correct the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical
correction is designed to achieve which outcome?
Stop the flow of unoxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
Increase the flow of unoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
Reduce peripheral tissue hypoxia and nailbed clubbing
Answer: Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
Closure of VSDs stops oxygenated blood from being shunted from the
left ventricle to the right ventricle (C). VSDs are acyanotic defects,
which means that no unoxygenated blood enters the systemic circulation
(A and B). (D) is common with Tetrology of Fallot, which is a cyanotic
defect.
●● A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a
home birth. The mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes
only and then falls asleep. The nurse auscultates a loud murmur
characteristic of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the
newborn is acyanotic with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute.
What instruction should the nurse provide the mother to ensure the
infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select all that apply.)
, A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day.
B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
C. Mix the dose of prophylactic antibiotic in a full bottle of formula.
D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed on demand or every 2 hours.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.
Answer: A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers
per day.
B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed on demand or every 2 hours.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for infants with VSDs, but
should not be mixed in a bottle of formula (C) because it is difficult to
ensure that the total dose is consumed.
They should be monitored for weight gain and at least 6 wet diapers per
day (A). A one-month old infant should ingest 2 to 4 ounces of formula
per feeding and progress to about 30 ounces per day by 4-months of age
(B)
●● Preoperative nursing care for a child with Wilms' tumor should
include which intervention?
Gently percuss the abdomen for evidence of trapped air.
Observe the abdomen for any noticeable discolorations.
