LSUS MHA 710 EXAM 2 FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY RESOURCE
●● When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures
reflect clinical efficacy and include:
Answer: bone-mass density (BMD)
●● Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate
measure?
Answer: Hip fracture
●● The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include:
Answer: Pain and suffering
●● Suppose that you are asked to use the standard time trade-off
approach to measuring quality of life and are given the following
information. An individual is faced with living the remaining 10 years of
her life suffering from severe osteoporosis. She reveals that she would
be willing to give up four of those years to live the remaining six in
perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic health state
relative to perfect health?
Answer: 0.6
,●● Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One
popular approach is called the
Answer: standard gamble
●● The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is ______ per capita income.
Answer: equal to
●● Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into
health policy making in
Answer: Australia, Europe, Canada
●● Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these
EXCEPT
Answer: prioritizing the alternative treatment options
●● Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to
Answer: do all of the above
(a. study the burden of a disease
b. determine the low-cost option to treat a disease
c. compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is
identical
d. increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases)
, ●● Many economists consider medical care a superior good. Which of
the following statements is true regarding a superior good?
Answer: Both c and d are true of superior goods
(As consumer income increases, a larger percentage of that income is
spent on superior goods
A superior good has an income elasticity of demand greater than 1)
●● A critical assumption in the model of demand and supply is the
independence of demand and supply curves. If the two are not
independent, a shift in the supply curve can lead to a shift in the demand
curve referred to as
Answer: supplier-induced demand.
●● The top ten causes of death in the United States in 2010 included all
of the following except
Answer: AIDS
●● The accompanying diagram depicts the relationship between health
status and medical care spending for a particular country. Which of the
following statements is true?
Answer: Social pressures will move the health care system to spend S2.
●● Health care that actually harms the patient, such as an adverse
reaction to a prescription drug, is called
QUESTIONS ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY RESOURCE
●● When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures
reflect clinical efficacy and include:
Answer: bone-mass density (BMD)
●● Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate
measure?
Answer: Hip fracture
●● The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include:
Answer: Pain and suffering
●● Suppose that you are asked to use the standard time trade-off
approach to measuring quality of life and are given the following
information. An individual is faced with living the remaining 10 years of
her life suffering from severe osteoporosis. She reveals that she would
be willing to give up four of those years to live the remaining six in
perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic health state
relative to perfect health?
Answer: 0.6
,●● Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One
popular approach is called the
Answer: standard gamble
●● The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is ______ per capita income.
Answer: equal to
●● Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into
health policy making in
Answer: Australia, Europe, Canada
●● Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these
EXCEPT
Answer: prioritizing the alternative treatment options
●● Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to
Answer: do all of the above
(a. study the burden of a disease
b. determine the low-cost option to treat a disease
c. compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is
identical
d. increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases)
, ●● Many economists consider medical care a superior good. Which of
the following statements is true regarding a superior good?
Answer: Both c and d are true of superior goods
(As consumer income increases, a larger percentage of that income is
spent on superior goods
A superior good has an income elasticity of demand greater than 1)
●● A critical assumption in the model of demand and supply is the
independence of demand and supply curves. If the two are not
independent, a shift in the supply curve can lead to a shift in the demand
curve referred to as
Answer: supplier-induced demand.
●● The top ten causes of death in the United States in 2010 included all
of the following except
Answer: AIDS
●● The accompanying diagram depicts the relationship between health
status and medical care spending for a particular country. Which of the
following statements is true?
Answer: Social pressures will move the health care system to spend S2.
●● Health care that actually harms the patient, such as an adverse
reaction to a prescription drug, is called
