Medical Microbiology Final (2026/2027) UPDATE|EXAM QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED ANSWERS (NEW)!!!

Medical Microbiology Final (2026/2027)
UPDATE|EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE
CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED
ANSWERS (NEW)!!!
1. Allmmicroorganismsmarembestmdefinedmasmorganismsmthat:
A. causemhumanmdisease
B. lackmamcellmnucleusm
C. areminfectiousmparticles
D. aremtoomsmallmtombemseenmwithmthemunaidedmeye
E. canmonlymbemfoundmgrowingminmlaboratoriesm-
mCORRECTmANSWERmD.maremtoomsmallmtombemseenmwithmthemunaidedmeye




2. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismamdifferencembetweenmprokaryoticmandmeukaryoticmcells?
A. prokaryotesmhavemamcellmwall,mwhilemeukaryotesmdomnot
B. prokaryotesmhavemmultiplemlinearmchromosomesmwhilemeukaryotesmhavemamsingle,
mcirclemchromosome


C. eukaryotesmhavemnommembranemboundmorganelles,mwhilemprokaryotesmdomcontai
nmthem
D. prokaryotesmhavemamnucleusmwhilemeukaryotesmdomnot
E. prokaryotesmcontainmthembacteriamandmarchea,mwhilemeukaryotesmincludemallmothe
rmlivingmorganismsm-
mCORRECTmANSWERmE.mprokaryotesmcontainmthembacteriamandmarchea,mwhilemeuk


aryotesmincludemallmothermlivingmorganisms



3. WhichmofmthemfollowingmismfoundminmALLmbacterialmcells?
A. flagella
B. cellmwall
C. pili
D. spore
E. nonemofmthemabovem-mCORRECTmANSWERmE.mnonemofmthemabove

,4. Microbesmarembeneficialminmthatmtheymhavembeenmusedmto:
A. treatmwastemwater
B. cleanmupmtoxicmspills
C. decomposemorganicmmaterial
D. allmofmthemabove
E. nonemofmthemabovem-mCORRECTmANSWERmD.mallmofmthemabove



5. Scientistsmusemmicrobesmtomproducemdrugs,mhormones,mandmenzymes.mThismtypemofmbiote
chnologyminvolvesmthemtransfermofmforeignmgeneticmmaterialmintomammicrobe,mamprocessmca
lled:
A. recombinantmDNAmtechnologym
B. genemtherapy
C. bioremediation
D. polymerasemchainmreactionm-
mCORRECTmANSWERmA.mrecombinantmDNAmtechnology




6. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismthemsmallestmcausemofminfectiousmdisease?
A. protozoans
B. bacteria
C. helminths
D. viruses
E. nonemofmthemabovem-mCORRECTmANSWERmD.mviruses



7. Grammnegativembacteriamdiffermfrommgrammpositiveminmthatmthey:
A. aremnon-pathogenic
B. domnotmhavemamcellmwall
C. havemflagella
D. havemanmoutermmembranemsurroundingmthemcellmwall
E. nonemofmthemabovem-
mCORRECTmANSWERmD.mhavemanmoutermmembranemsurroundingmthemcellmwall




8. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismmismatched?
A. ribosomesm-mproteinmsynthesis
B. inclusionsm-mexcessmcellmnutrientsmandmmaterials

, C. plasmidsm-mgenesmessentialmformgrowthmandmmetabolism
D. nucleoidm-mhereditarymmaterial
E. cytoplasmm-mdense,mgelatinousmsolutionm-mCORRECTmANSWERmC.mplasmidsm-
mgenesmessentialmformgrowthmandmmetabolism




9. Bacterialmendosporesmaremnotmproducedmby:
A. staphylococcus
B. bacillus
C. clostridium
D. allmofmthemchoicesmproducemendosporesm-mCORRECTmANSWERmA.mstaphylococcus



10. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismamuniquemcharacteristicmofmvirusesmthatmdistinguishesmthemmfr
ommothermmajormgroupsmofmmicroorganisms?
A. causemhumanmdisease
B. lackmamnucleus
C. cannotmbemseenmwithoutmammicroscope
D. containmgeneticmmaterial
E. lackmcellmstructurem-mCORRECTmANSWERmE.mlackmcellmstructure



11. Koch'smpostulatesmaremcriteriamusedmtomestablishmthat:
A. microbesmaremfoundmonmdustmparticles
B. amspecificmmicrobemismthemcausemofmamspecifiedmdisease
C. lifemformsmcanmonlymarisemfrommpreexistingmlifemforms
D. amspecificmmicrobemshouldmbemclassifiedminmamspecificmkingdom
E. microbesmcanmbemusedmtomcleanmupmtoxicmspillsm-
mCORRECTmANSWERmB.mamspecificmmicrobemismthemcausemofmamspecifiedmdisease




12. Whichmscientificmfieldmisminvolvedminmthemidentification,mclassification,mandmnamingmormorg
anisms?
A. nomenclature
B. taxonomy
C. phylogeny
D. woeseanmclassification
E. nonemofmthemchoicesmismcorrectm-mCORRECTmANSWERmB.mtaxonomy

, 13. Selectmthemcorrectmdescendingmtaxonomicmhierarchym(leftmtomright):
A. family,morder,mclass
B. family,mgenus,mspecies
C. genus,mspecies,mfamily
D. class,mphylum,morder
E. kingdom,mdomain,mphylumm-mCORRECTmANSWERmB.mfamily,mgenus,mspecies



14. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismamscientificmname?
A. gram-positivemstreptococcus
B. staphylococcus
C. staphylococcusmpyogenes
D. anthrax
E. streptobacillim-mCORRECTmANSWERmC.mstaphylococcusmpyogenes



15. Asepticmtechniquemaimsmtomreducemthemnumbermofmmicrobesminmmedicalmsettings,mthusmp
reventingmwoundminfectionmandmdisease.mThesemtechniquesmweremfirstmintroducedminmams
urgicalmsettingmby:
A. JosephmListerm
B. RobertmHooke
C. LouismPasteur
D. AntoniemvanmLeeuwenhoekm-mCORRECTmANSWERmA.mJosephmLister



16. ThemdifferenceminmcellmwallmstructuremofmMycobacteriummandmNorcardiamcomparedmtomth
emtypicalmgram-positivembacterialmcellmwallmstructuremis:
A. morempeptidoglycan
B. predominancemofmunique,mwaxymlipids
C. easilymdecolorized
D. presencemofmlipopolysaccharide
E. allmofmthemchoicesmaremcorrectm-
mCORRECTmANSWERmB.mpredominancemofmunique,mwaxymlipids




17. Amcapsulemsurroundingmambacteriummmaymallow:
A. transfermofmplasmidsmcarryingmdrugmresistancemgenes