MICROBIOLOGY FINAL UPDATE|EXAM QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED ANSWERS (NEW)!!!

MICROBIOLOGY FINAL
UPDATE|EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE
CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED
ANSWERS (NEW)!!!
Whatmaremthemreasonsmformantimicrobialmtreatmentsmfailing?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmOnemormmoremofmthemfollowing:



-mdeliverymissues

-mResistantmmicrobes

-mPolymicrobialmPathogenicmInfections

-mAntimicrobialmnotmtakenmcorrectly



CanmPenicillinsmandmcephalosporinsmbemusedmtogether?mWhymormWhymnot?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmtheymcan'tmnotmsincemtheymbothmhavemanmaffectmonmPBPmthatmblocksmpeptido


glycanmproduction



Whatmismthemtherapeuticmindex?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmratiomofmtoxicmdosemtomhumansmtomminimummeffectivem(therapeutic)mdose




IsmitmbettermifmthemTImismlowermormhigher?m-mCORRECTmANSWERmthemhighermthembetter



Whatmdrugmcanmabolish/highlymdecreasemthemeffectivenessmofmoralmcontraceptives?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmtetracyclinemormrifampin




Whatmhappensmwhenmaminoglycosidesmandmcephalosporinesmaremcombined?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmcanmbemtoxicmtomthemkidneys

,Whatmdrugmdomantacidsmdecreasemthemabsorptionmof?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmanmantibioticmcalledmisoniazid




FormE.colimO157:H7,mwhatmismO157?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmamstrainmofmE.colimthatmismpartmofmthemLPS;mwhichmallowsmit'smstrainm(serotype


)mtombemidentified



HowmdoesmE.colimO157:H7mprimemitself?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmbymproducingmfimbriaemonmitsmsurface;mtomattachmtomthemGImtractmepithelia




WhatmaremDNAmIslandsmandmWhatmdomtheymdo?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmanmextramintegratingmgenemofmO157mthatmencodesmvirulencemfactor




WhatmismLEE?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmlocusmofmenterocytemeffacement;monemofmthemvirulencemfactorsmofmO157mma


demofm5mpolycistronicmoperonsmwithmoverm40mgenes



WhatmdoesmLEEmcontain?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmthemgenemnecessarymtomproducemTypemIIImsecretionmsystemm(TTSS)




WhatmismTTSSmandmWhatmdoesmitmdo?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmTypemIIImsecretionmsystem;mlikemampili,mitminjectsmbacterialmproteinsmintomthem


hostmcell



WhatmismH-NSmandmWhatmdoesmitmdo?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmamDNAmbindingmproteinmthatmblocksmoperonmpromotermsites




HowmcanmthemeffectsmofmH-NSmbemreversed?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmLerm(anmactivatingmprotein)mbindingmtomH-NS

, WhatmdoesmthemarrivalmofmLermallowmfor?m(withmE.colimO157)m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmThembeginningmofmDNAm->mmRNAm->mribosomem-


>mdifferentmproteins;mallowsmformthembuildingmofmmoremDNAmandmproteinsmtomeventuallymmakemth
empillimandmfimbriaemofmthemE.colimO157mbacteria



Whatmismanmoperon?m-mCORRECTmANSWERmampromotermthatmregulatesmmanymgenes



Whatmismanmexon?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmamstretchmofmeukaryoticmDNAmcodingmformamcorrespondingmportionmofmmRNA


mthatmismtranslatedmintompeptides



-msplicedmwithmexonsmtommakemamcontinuousmmRNAmtranscript



Whatmaremintrons?m-mCORRECTmANSWERmstretchesmofmDNAmthatmaremnotmexpressedm

-msplicedmwithmexonsmtommakemamcontinuousmmRNAmtranscript



Whatmismthemstructuremofmamgene?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmLongmstretchmofmDNAmcomprisedmofmamphosphatemgroup,mamsugar,mandmamnu


cleotide



Whatmocccursmatmthempromoter?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmRNAmpolyermasembindsmtominitiatemgenemexpressionm(transcription)




Whatmaremstructuralmproteinsmassembledmtomproduce?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmthembasalmapparatusmofmthemTTSS;mholemismmademtomthenmbuildmthempillismon




Whatmismthemusemofmthemfimbriaemandmwhatmdoesmitmcause?m-
mCORRECTmANSWERmattachmtomthemmicrovillimofmthemgutmepitheliamcellsmandmtriggermfurthermgene


mexpressionminmthembacteria