PSYC 101 FINAL EXAM PREP QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS COMPLETE SOLUTION
TESTED PRACTICE MATERIAL
●● Sigmund Freud
Answer: unconscious mind and psychoanalytic theory, people are not
masters of their own minds, behavior is influenced by sexual urges;
wish-fulfillment
●● B.F. Skinner
Answer: stimulus-response approach, behavior and environmental
factors
●● Ivan Pavlov
Answer: conditioned reflexes, behaviorist stimulus-response approach
●● William James
Answer: leader of 'functionalism', wrote Principles of Psychology,
discussed the stream of consciousness
●● Structuralism
Answer: analyzing consciousness into its basic elements and
investigating how these elements are related
,●● Functionalism
Answer: psychology should investigate the function or purpose of
consciousness
●● Psychoanalytic perspective
Answer: unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern
personality and mental disorders; expectations affect our perception
●● Behavioral perspective
Answer: Only observable events (stimulus-response) can be studied
scientifically
●● Humanistic perspective
Answer: Humans are free, rational beings with the potential for personal
growth. Fundamentally different from animals.
●● Cognitive perspective
Answer: Human behavior can't be understood without examining how
people acquire, store, and process information
●● Biological perspective
Answer: an organism's functioning can be explained through bodily
structures and bio-chemical processes
,●● Evolutionary perspective
Answer: Behavior patterns have evolved to solve adaptive problems;
natural selection favors behaviors that enhance reproductive success
●● Critical (critical thinking)
Answer: being analytical and evaluating ideas
●● Anecdotal evidence
Answer: stories, NOT reliable evidence
●● Neurons
Answer: individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate,
and transmit information
●● Soma
Answer: cell body, contains the cell nucleus and chemical machinery
●● Dendrites
Answer: parts of a neuron specialized to receive information
●● Axon
, Answer: fiber that transmits signals away from the soma and to other
neurons, muscles, or glands
●● Myelin sheath
Answer: insulating material that encases some axons
●● Terminal buttons
Answer: small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
●● Synapse
Answer: junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to
another
●● Glia (glue)
Answer: cells found throughout the nervous system that provide support
for neurons (glue)
●● Resting potential
Answer: a neuron's stable, negative charge when the cell is inactive
●● Action potential
Answer: brief shift in a neuron's electrical charge that travels along an
axon
AND ANSWERS COMPLETE SOLUTION
TESTED PRACTICE MATERIAL
●● Sigmund Freud
Answer: unconscious mind and psychoanalytic theory, people are not
masters of their own minds, behavior is influenced by sexual urges;
wish-fulfillment
●● B.F. Skinner
Answer: stimulus-response approach, behavior and environmental
factors
●● Ivan Pavlov
Answer: conditioned reflexes, behaviorist stimulus-response approach
●● William James
Answer: leader of 'functionalism', wrote Principles of Psychology,
discussed the stream of consciousness
●● Structuralism
Answer: analyzing consciousness into its basic elements and
investigating how these elements are related
,●● Functionalism
Answer: psychology should investigate the function or purpose of
consciousness
●● Psychoanalytic perspective
Answer: unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern
personality and mental disorders; expectations affect our perception
●● Behavioral perspective
Answer: Only observable events (stimulus-response) can be studied
scientifically
●● Humanistic perspective
Answer: Humans are free, rational beings with the potential for personal
growth. Fundamentally different from animals.
●● Cognitive perspective
Answer: Human behavior can't be understood without examining how
people acquire, store, and process information
●● Biological perspective
Answer: an organism's functioning can be explained through bodily
structures and bio-chemical processes
,●● Evolutionary perspective
Answer: Behavior patterns have evolved to solve adaptive problems;
natural selection favors behaviors that enhance reproductive success
●● Critical (critical thinking)
Answer: being analytical and evaluating ideas
●● Anecdotal evidence
Answer: stories, NOT reliable evidence
●● Neurons
Answer: individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate,
and transmit information
●● Soma
Answer: cell body, contains the cell nucleus and chemical machinery
●● Dendrites
Answer: parts of a neuron specialized to receive information
●● Axon
, Answer: fiber that transmits signals away from the soma and to other
neurons, muscles, or glands
●● Myelin sheath
Answer: insulating material that encases some axons
●● Terminal buttons
Answer: small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
●● Synapse
Answer: junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to
another
●● Glia (glue)
Answer: cells found throughout the nervous system that provide support
for neurons (glue)
●● Resting potential
Answer: a neuron's stable, negative charge when the cell is inactive
●● Action potential
Answer: brief shift in a neuron's electrical charge that travels along an
axon
