NEUROSCIENTIFIC_BASIS_AND_PRACTICAL_APPLICATIONS_FINAL_REVIEW_2026

NEUROSCIENTIFIC BASIS AND PRACTICAL
APPLICATIONS FINAL REVIEW 2026 BUNDLED
SOLUTIONS

◉ basalganglia. Answer: important for motor control; reciprocally
connected with the cortex


◉ limbic system. Answer: important for learning and memory;
cognitive functions, emotional regulation, and sense of smell


◉ thalamus. Answer: a cluster of nuclei that relay sensory
information (most important in sensory information)


◉ hypothalamus. Answer: contains many nuclei that carry out many
vital functions including: hunger, thirst, sex, temp. regulation


◉ superior colliculi. Answer: midbrain sensory system; visual
processing


◉ inferior colliculi. Answer: midbrain sensory system; auditory
processing


◉ tectum. Answer: superior colliculi + inferior colliculi

, ◉ substantia nigra. Answer: midbrain motor center which contains
neurons that release dopamine


◉ Parkinson's disease. Answer: progressive loss of dopamine


◉ red nucleus. Answer: communicates with motor neurons in the
spinal cord


◉ cerebellum. Answer: involves in motor coordination and learning;
helps form judgement


◉ purkinje cell layer. Answer: in the cerebellum, this is the middle
layer where large cells form a single row


◉ granule cell layer. Answer: in the cerebellum, small neurons
whose axons form the third layer


◉ parallel fibers. Answer: in the cerebellum, made up of the
outermost layer


◉ meninges. Answer: the three protective membranes surrounding
the brain and spinal cord