RCP 170 PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 108
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
2026 GRADED A+
⩥What is the primary cause of RDS in premature infants?
Answer: Deficiency of surfactant production by alveolar type II cells
⩥What replaces normal alveolar tissue in RDS?
Answer: Scar-like hyaline membrane tissue
⩥What conditions can disrupt surfactant production?
Answer: Hypoxemia, hypothermia, and acidosis
⩥List common clinical signs of RDS.
Answer: Respiratory rate > 60 breaths/min, Grunting, Increased
functional residual capacity (FRC), Chest retractions, Nasal flaring
⩥What is the most important strategy in treating RDS?
Answer: Prevention
⩥What medication is given to mothers to help prevent RDS?
Answer: Glucocorticoids
, ⩥When should glucocorticoids be administered before delivery?
Answer: Approximately 2 days before delivery
⩥What respiratory therapy is provided directly to the infant with RDS?
Answer: Artificial surfactant replacement
⩥List complications associated with RDS.
Answer: Intracranial hemorrhage, Barotrauma from positive pressure
ventilation, Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), Infection
from intubation, Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
⩥What is the main cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
Answer: Lung injury from oxygen toxicity and mechanical ventilation
⩥List factors that contribute to BPD development.
Answer: Oxygen toxicity, Inflammation and edema, Thickened alveolar
membrane, Barotrauma, Patent ductus arteriosus, Fluid overload
⩥Why is diagnosing BPD difficult?
Answer: Symptoms overlap with other neonatal lung diseases
⩥How does BPD appear on chest radiography over time?
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
2026 GRADED A+
⩥What is the primary cause of RDS in premature infants?
Answer: Deficiency of surfactant production by alveolar type II cells
⩥What replaces normal alveolar tissue in RDS?
Answer: Scar-like hyaline membrane tissue
⩥What conditions can disrupt surfactant production?
Answer: Hypoxemia, hypothermia, and acidosis
⩥List common clinical signs of RDS.
Answer: Respiratory rate > 60 breaths/min, Grunting, Increased
functional residual capacity (FRC), Chest retractions, Nasal flaring
⩥What is the most important strategy in treating RDS?
Answer: Prevention
⩥What medication is given to mothers to help prevent RDS?
Answer: Glucocorticoids
, ⩥When should glucocorticoids be administered before delivery?
Answer: Approximately 2 days before delivery
⩥What respiratory therapy is provided directly to the infant with RDS?
Answer: Artificial surfactant replacement
⩥List complications associated with RDS.
Answer: Intracranial hemorrhage, Barotrauma from positive pressure
ventilation, Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), Infection
from intubation, Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
⩥What is the main cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
Answer: Lung injury from oxygen toxicity and mechanical ventilation
⩥List factors that contribute to BPD development.
Answer: Oxygen toxicity, Inflammation and edema, Thickened alveolar
membrane, Barotrauma, Patent ductus arteriosus, Fluid overload
⩥Why is diagnosing BPD difficult?
Answer: Symptoms overlap with other neonatal lung diseases
⩥How does BPD appear on chest radiography over time?
