Kettering Study Guide RPSGT Review
Section B Exam Questions and
Answers8
EEG, EOG, EMG, and ECG minimum sampling rate - ANSWERS-200 samples per second (Hertz)
Maximum sampling rate for EEG, EOG, EMG, and ECG - ANSWERS-500 samples per second
(Hertz)
Thermocouple/Thermistor - ANSWERS-Responds to temperature change, detects the rate of
temperature change between expired air and room air known as the Seebeck effect. Detects
airflow at the nostrils and mouth.
Respiratory inductive plethysmograph (RIP belts) - ANSWERS-Uses a piezo-electric sensor, one
belt goes around the upper abdomen just above the belly button and one belt goes around the
chest. Considered the gold standard.
Piezo belts - ANSWERS-Contain a piezo crystal device that is located on a very small portion of
the belt. Ineffective if the patient were to lie on the sensor. Ineffective if the belts become loose.
Mercury strain gauges - ANSWERS-Contains a tube with mercury. Not used often because of
possible breakage and leaking of the mercury.
Intercostal EMG - ANSWERS-Least expensive, rarely used during PSG, Likely to contain ECG
artifact.
Esophageal pressure (Pes) - ANSWERS-Invasive, Esophageal manometry, esophageal catheters,
esophageal balloons, water filled catheters. Rarely used in routine PSG and very uncomfortable.
, Very accurate method of measuring intrathoracic breathing effort. Measures upper airway
resistance.
Cardio-pneumographs - ANSWERS-Heart rate and respirations on one channel. Batter is
required.
Pulse oximetry - ANSWERS-Most appropriate noninvasive technique for continuous monitoring
of oxygen saturation (SPo2) and pulse. Normal Spo2 on room air is 95%-97%. Spo2 decreases
with respiratory events.
Troubleshooting pulse oximetry - ANSWERS-Motion artifact (most common problem), dark skin
pigmentation, nail polish, ambient light, may need to be re-attached if it falls off or
malfunctions.
Nasal pressure transducer - ANSWERS-Detects fluctuations in pressure from inspiration and
expiration. Measure airflow through a nasal cannula. Very accurate in detecting hypopneas and
RERA's. Best used with a DC amplification system.
Capnography/End tidal C02 (ECO2, EtCO2, PetCO2) monitoring - ANSWERS-A graphic display of
CO2 levels as they change. Measures exhaled carbon dioxide content using infrared absorption.
What conditions affect the ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio of the lungs that can alter the
ETCO2? - ANSWERS-COPD, when CPAP or BIPAP is applied, sleep may alter the differences
between PaCO2 and PetCO2, Obesity hypoventilation.
Transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 monitoring (PtcO2/PtcCO2) - ANSWERS-Commonly used in
neonatal and pediatric sleep studies. Placement of the electrode is best over flat areas with
good perfusion such as the chest just beneath the center of the right or left clavicle.
Snore mic sensors (larygngeal microphones) - ANSWERS-Record vibrations to send to the
amplifier. Avoid placing over the carotid artery.
Section B Exam Questions and
Answers8
EEG, EOG, EMG, and ECG minimum sampling rate - ANSWERS-200 samples per second (Hertz)
Maximum sampling rate for EEG, EOG, EMG, and ECG - ANSWERS-500 samples per second
(Hertz)
Thermocouple/Thermistor - ANSWERS-Responds to temperature change, detects the rate of
temperature change between expired air and room air known as the Seebeck effect. Detects
airflow at the nostrils and mouth.
Respiratory inductive plethysmograph (RIP belts) - ANSWERS-Uses a piezo-electric sensor, one
belt goes around the upper abdomen just above the belly button and one belt goes around the
chest. Considered the gold standard.
Piezo belts - ANSWERS-Contain a piezo crystal device that is located on a very small portion of
the belt. Ineffective if the patient were to lie on the sensor. Ineffective if the belts become loose.
Mercury strain gauges - ANSWERS-Contains a tube with mercury. Not used often because of
possible breakage and leaking of the mercury.
Intercostal EMG - ANSWERS-Least expensive, rarely used during PSG, Likely to contain ECG
artifact.
Esophageal pressure (Pes) - ANSWERS-Invasive, Esophageal manometry, esophageal catheters,
esophageal balloons, water filled catheters. Rarely used in routine PSG and very uncomfortable.
, Very accurate method of measuring intrathoracic breathing effort. Measures upper airway
resistance.
Cardio-pneumographs - ANSWERS-Heart rate and respirations on one channel. Batter is
required.
Pulse oximetry - ANSWERS-Most appropriate noninvasive technique for continuous monitoring
of oxygen saturation (SPo2) and pulse. Normal Spo2 on room air is 95%-97%. Spo2 decreases
with respiratory events.
Troubleshooting pulse oximetry - ANSWERS-Motion artifact (most common problem), dark skin
pigmentation, nail polish, ambient light, may need to be re-attached if it falls off or
malfunctions.
Nasal pressure transducer - ANSWERS-Detects fluctuations in pressure from inspiration and
expiration. Measure airflow through a nasal cannula. Very accurate in detecting hypopneas and
RERA's. Best used with a DC amplification system.
Capnography/End tidal C02 (ECO2, EtCO2, PetCO2) monitoring - ANSWERS-A graphic display of
CO2 levels as they change. Measures exhaled carbon dioxide content using infrared absorption.
What conditions affect the ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio of the lungs that can alter the
ETCO2? - ANSWERS-COPD, when CPAP or BIPAP is applied, sleep may alter the differences
between PaCO2 and PetCO2, Obesity hypoventilation.
Transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 monitoring (PtcO2/PtcCO2) - ANSWERS-Commonly used in
neonatal and pediatric sleep studies. Placement of the electrode is best over flat areas with
good perfusion such as the chest just beneath the center of the right or left clavicle.
Snore mic sensors (larygngeal microphones) - ANSWERS-Record vibrations to send to the
amplifier. Avoid placing over the carotid artery.
