NR 293 ATI PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM 2026
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Warfarin - Clinical Use. Answer: Prevent/treat thromboembolism
(AFib, DVT, PE)
◉ Warfarin - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Bleeding
◉ Warfarin - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: INR monitoring
REQUIRED, Tons of drug + food interactions, Liver metabolism, renal
disease increases risk
◉ Warfarin - Exam Traps. Answer: "Stable dose suddenly causes
bleeding" → interaction or liver change, Green leafy veggies ↓
effectiveness, Antibiotics often ↑ INR
◉ Digoxin. Answer: Increases cardiac contractility and slows AV
conduction
◉ Digoxin - Clinical Use. Answer: Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
, ◉ Digoxin - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Bradycardia,
Arrhythmias, Visual changes (yellow/green halos), Nausea/vomiting
◉ Digoxin - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: Narrow therapeutic index,
Renally cleared, Hypokalemia ↑ toxicity risk
◉ Digoxin - Exam Traps. Answer: Elderly patient + renal decline =
toxicity, Normal digoxin level ≠ safe patient
◉ Lithium. Answer: Mood stabilization via neurotransmitter
modulation
◉ Lithium - Clinical Use. Answer: Bipolar disorder
◉ Lithium - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Tremor,
Polyuria/polydipsia, GI upset, Confusion (toxicity)
◉ Lithium - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: Renally cleared, Sodium
depletion ↑ lithium levels, NSAIDs ↑ lithium
◉ Lithium - Exam Traps. Answer: Dehydration → lithium toxicity,
Diuretics are dangerous
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Warfarin - Clinical Use. Answer: Prevent/treat thromboembolism
(AFib, DVT, PE)
◉ Warfarin - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Bleeding
◉ Warfarin - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: INR monitoring
REQUIRED, Tons of drug + food interactions, Liver metabolism, renal
disease increases risk
◉ Warfarin - Exam Traps. Answer: "Stable dose suddenly causes
bleeding" → interaction or liver change, Green leafy veggies ↓
effectiveness, Antibiotics often ↑ INR
◉ Digoxin. Answer: Increases cardiac contractility and slows AV
conduction
◉ Digoxin - Clinical Use. Answer: Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
, ◉ Digoxin - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Bradycardia,
Arrhythmias, Visual changes (yellow/green halos), Nausea/vomiting
◉ Digoxin - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: Narrow therapeutic index,
Renally cleared, Hypokalemia ↑ toxicity risk
◉ Digoxin - Exam Traps. Answer: Elderly patient + renal decline =
toxicity, Normal digoxin level ≠ safe patient
◉ Lithium. Answer: Mood stabilization via neurotransmitter
modulation
◉ Lithium - Clinical Use. Answer: Bipolar disorder
◉ Lithium - Major Adverse Effects. Answer: Tremor,
Polyuria/polydipsia, GI upset, Confusion (toxicity)
◉ Lithium - Safety & Monitoring. Answer: Renally cleared, Sodium
depletion ↑ lithium levels, NSAIDs ↑ lithium
◉ Lithium - Exam Traps. Answer: Dehydration → lithium toxicity,
Diuretics are dangerous