cOrrEct ansWErs (vEriFiEd) | LatEst uPdatE 2026/2027 | GradEd a+ |
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research design - ANSWER-encompass multiple aspects of research process - refer to
a specific plan or blueprint
categories of quantitative designs - ANSWER-identifies what is wrong - includes
experimental (cause and effect), nonexpiremental ( describing a phenomenon) and
quasi (mixture of both qualitative and quantitative)
key concepts and principles in quantitative design - ANSWER-causality, probability,
control, manipulation, extraneous variables, bias, randomization, between groups,
within groups
causality - ANSWER-cause and effect - manipulating independent variable effects the
dependent variable - the relationship between cause and effect
control - ANSWER-ability of researcher to manipulate, regulate, or statistically adjust
for factors that can affect the dependent variable or intervention
probability - ANSWER-likelihood or chance of an event to occur in a situation
manipulation - ANSWER-ability of the researchers to control the independent variable
bias - ANSWER-want to see certain results - results may not be true - similar to
extraneous variables - encompasses extraneous variables - when extraneous variables
influence the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
randomization - ANSWER-reduces bias - the selection of assignment or arrangements
of elements by chance
, translational research - ANSWER-taking research and applying it right to the bedside
double blind - ANSWER-researcher and subject both do not know if they are getting
actual or placebo
random sampling - ANSWER-used for a population - technique for selecting elements
whereby each has the same chance of being selected
random assignment - ANSWER-chance of being in one group = chance of being in
another group - assignment technique in which subjects have an equal chance of being
in either the treatment or the control group
between group designs - ANSWER-example would be freshman vs. sophomores - two
separate groups are used - study designs when two groups of subjects can be
compared
study validity - ANSWER-ability to accept results as logical, reasonable and justifiable
based on the evidence presented
within group designs - ANSWER-comparisons at two or more points in time of two or
more measures - example is pre and post test - comparisons are made about the same
subjects at two or more points in time or on two or more measures
internal validity - ANSWER-the degree to which one can conclude that the independent
variable produced changes in the dependent variable
validity - ANSWER-degree research can result as a intervention
threats to internal validity - ANSWER-occur inside study - includes selection bias,
maturation, history, testing, instrumentation, mortality, statistical conclusion validity
selection bias - ANSWER-participant chooses what group they want to be in- a threat to
internal validity when the change in the dependent variable is a result of the
characteristics of the subjects before they entered a study